Cafeteria Story

This is a story of when I fell down in the school cafeteria. This event was very embarrassing at first and I kind of felt sad. After a while, I started laughing with the kids that were laughing at me, so that I wouldn’t feel bad the rest of the day and so that I could get over it. This is my most embarrassing day, but it also one of the funniest days. I learned a very important lesson that day, which is how to turn an embarrassing situation into a bearable situation. It all started on Tuesday August, 21 2012. I woke up at 5:30am to get ready for school.I used the shower and got dressed. After getting dressed, I ate breakfast and started walking to the bus stop and waited for the bus. I got off the bus and went to get my books for my classes. It was a good day. I went through my classes without any problems. I had just left my 5th period class, French, to go to the cafeteria to get something to eat. I walked from French class and waited at the cafeteria doors for my friends, th en we went into the cafeteria. We got in line and waited to get our lunch. Waiting in line for my lunch felt as if I was waiting in line for a roller coaster.The line was extremely long and I was getting tired of waiting, but knew I had to wait. I got a chicken sandwich, an apple and a cookie. I went to the lunch lady and paid for my lunch. I went to a small table in front of the cafeteria and got some napkins and ketchup. After getting my lunch, I took it to my table and sat at my table to eat lunch. After a while I got up to stand in the line with my friends again. I wasn’t looking, so I didn’t know that there was water on the floor. I also didn’t see the cautionary sign that says the area is wet and that people should be careful. I slipped and fell so hard the whole cafeteria heard it.I looked up and â€Å"BAM† people that where around me started laughing and pointing at me. I was embarrassed and sad and at that very moment I wanted the ground to open up and swallow me. I wanted to be anywhere else but at the cafeteria at that moment. However, after a little while I started laughing too. I laughed because I thought it was funny and also because I didn’t want to feel bad for being laughed at because being laughed at hurts. So, I just acted like nothing happened. After lunch I went back to class and laughed about it again to myself. The thing is, even though it was embarrassing, it was also very funny.I went to my last two classes, which were English and Biology. During those two classes it was hard for me to be fully involved in the class because I couldn’t help thinking about my incident at the school cafeteria. After school I went to my locker to get my soccer bag for practice. During practice all I could think about yet again was the accident in the cafeteria. I was just as energetic at soccer practice, like always and I was joking around with my teammates as I always do. After practice I went home, ate, and fell asleep. When I was sleeping I dreamt about the accident and I felt just as embarrassed in the dream.Now every time that something embarrassing happens to me, I think about what I did in the cafeteria and I just laugh. I promised myself, that from now on I will pay attention to where I’m going and be mindful of my steps. I also learned from that experience that things are not always as bad as they seem. If I had cried or showed it on my face that I was embarrassed and sad, the kids who were laughing at me would have kept on laughing. However, since I laughed with them, I took control of the situation by showing them that it wasn’t a big deal. I guess in life, we need to learn how to laugh.

The Symbolic Role of Horatio in Hamlet

In Shakespeare’s Tragedy Play Hamlet, Horatio shows as a minor character. However, the contributions and demonstrations he brings to the play and to the audience are very important and abundant. His role in the whole play can be viewed from three angles. First of all, he is most close friend of Prince Hamlet. In all the schemes, he performs as Hamlet’s informer, assistant, counselor and confidant. Secondly, Horatio rationally and wisely witnesses and judges key figures and events in the play.He has directly or indirectly involved all play’s developments from the beginning to the end. Thirdly, highlights the loyalty and intellectual achievements of which humans are capable. Horatio links the audiences and carries the hopes – loyalty to friendships, rationality to human behaviors and future, and bringing the justice to the world. Through the character of Horatio, the key concepts and benefits of loyalty, rationality and hope are portrayedHoratio is Hamlet's most trusted friend as verified from the beginning to the end of the drama. Through his wisdom, he relates the challenges he and Hamlet face with respect to Claudius. In the play, there are three friends for Hamlet. The other two, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, betray Hamlet for their selfish (yet understandable) benefits and find their own final destinations when they arrive at England. Horatio knows Denmark Prince Hamlet from Wittenberg University in England when both of them are scholars there.He comes to Denmark to join the old King, Hamlet’s father’s funeral. Hamlet reveals all his revenge plans to him. Horatio swears himself to top secret about the ghost and Hamlet's pretense of madness to hide from Claudius's. Even more important through the mousetrap play, Horatio conspires closely with Hamlet to prove Claudius's guilt. With all the ensured trusting from the Prince’s letter to him, Horatio is the first to know of Hamlet's return from England. He is the on ly real company when Hamlet discovers Ophelia’s death.In the graveyard, he presents with Hamlet when they view the Yorick’s skull with the talks about glories and death, â€Å"To what base uses we may return, Horatio! Why may not imagination trace the noble dust of Alexander, till he find it stopping a bung-hole? † (5. 1. 192-4). Horatio stays with Hamlet to the end of the tragedy, to the end of Hamlet’s death, with the entire honor, loyalty to friendship, he comments to drink the poised wine to go with the Prince of Denmark: â€Å"I am more an antique Roman than a Dane. /Here’s yet some liquor left† (5. 2. 353-4).Only by the Hamlet’s final and firm request to him to keep live to tell the masses of the story, Horatio survives himself to honor the Prince’s requests, and brings the truth, justness and rightfulness to the world. Horatio best demonstrates his rationality and respectable nature outstanding all other characters in th e play, even the key character Hamlet from this point of view. The guards invite him to see the ghost as their rusting to him as a rational and knowledgeable â€Å"scholar†. (1. 1. 41; 1. 5. 150) At that time, this title is the most respectable name for the verifications or justifications.This is just like nowadays we request the signatures from doctors, teachers or lawyers etc to sign various important documents to verify our life and experiences. He reports to Hamlet and bring him to the castle. With all the cares to Hamlet, he himself provides the audiences calm, resolute, rational and confident views of the ghost and the old King’s story: â€Å"But soft, behold, lo where it comes again; /I’ll cross it hough it blast me† (1. 1. 25-6). By their careful plans and implementations of mouse-play, Hamlet confirms the old King’s murder.Hamlet gets really over excited with the confirmation. However, with the rationalities and intellects, for the best in teresting of the Prince, Horatio calm down Hamlet of any overreactions or rush actions. To meet Hamlet’s will, he brings himself back from emotionality to rationality and reality as he recognizes the importance to satisfactory Hamlet’s requests to tell the world the story. For Hamlet, Horatio is the key connection, witness and judge to attach and the audiences. He helps Hamlet form the play’s consistencies.This has been clearly demonstrated in the whole drama. Only through the conversations between Hamlet and Horatio, could the insides of Hamlet show the audiences the Prince is not really crazy or foolish but kind, sharp with dubiousness and procrastinations for his mission to revenge for his father’s murder. If we could say Hamlet is the emotion core of the drama, we might be able to see Horatio standing for calm, courage and kindness of the play, even directly from Hamlet, â€Å"Horatio, thou art e'en as just a man /As e'er my conversation coped withal †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (3. . 50-70) At the very beginning of the drama, Horatio, with the trust of the guards, help Hamlet to meet the ghost, the old King and discoveries the dirty assassination. At the end of the play, Horatio, who saw the old King’s ghost, is companying and comforting the dying Prince, â€Å"Now cracks a noble heart. Good night, sweet prince, And flights of angels sing thee to thy rest! † (5. 2. 343-4). Without Hamlet, it would be impossible to have the intense and feeling the ups and downs of the love, hate, remorse, hesitate, brave, courage.Without Horatio, it would be very challenge to get the senses of security, wisdom, loyalty and rationality of human being has. The play illustrates the completeness with Horatio banding Hamlet from the start to the end with good hopes left to audiences. Of all the three important roles and contributions Horatio to bring to the audiences, every piece has it own special contribution to the play. Lonely and hesitant Hamlet has at least one of best friends – trustable all time and calm and rational in any situations to conform and counsel.Horatio, really as a wise and intellectual scholar, can help the drama to reality. His unshakable loyalty and common senses lead the audiences to have the expectations when things are or may go wrong. His timely show up in the play has brought audience to both Hamlet and the audiences to the reality with logical senses. Horatio is the symbol of loyalty, rationality and hope in the great tragedy Hamlet. Works Cited Hamlet May 6, 2012.Primary Sources: Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. ed. Ann Thompson and Neil Taylor. London [England]: Thomson Learning, 2006. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. ed. Philip Edwards. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Secondary Sources: Babra, Neil. Hamlet. Adaptation of Hamlet by William Shakespeare New York : Sparknotes, 2008. Coville, Bruce. William Shakespeare's Hamlet. New York : Dial Books, 2004. . Hamlet. Dir. Franco Zeffirelli. Producer Dyson Lovell. Carolco International N. V. DVD. 1990. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. ed. The Rector and Visitors. University of Virginia, 2000. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. edited and rendered into modern English by Alan Durband. Hauppauge, N. Y. Barron's, 1986. Hamlet. 28 April 2012 . Horatio in Hamlet. 30 April 2012 Hoy, Cyrus. ed. Hamlet by William Shakespeare. New York: Norton, 1992. Leggatt, Alexander. Shakespeare's tragedies: violation and identity. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Marsden, John. Hamlet & Ophelia: a novel. Toronto: Harper Trophy Canada, 2009. Shakespeare Hamlet Notes. Coles Editorial Board, Toronto: Coles Notes, 2001. Shakespeare's Horatio An analysis of Hamlet's Friend Horatio. 30 March 2012 . Scene 4 – Hamlet – A Comprehensive Analysis of Shakespeare's Greatest Tragedy. 30 April 2012 .

Mengele Annotated Bibliography

This book goes into extreme detail describing every facet of the Nazi regime's various medical experiments, policies and atrocities with the intention of giving the reader an understanding of the past such that it should not repeat itself- as the author suggests it may in today's atmospheres of modern genocide and â€Å"ethnic cleansing.† Lifton draws comparisons particularly to potentially similar situations in Serbia, Rwanda and Cambodia, and draws parallels to the political and societal evolutions that took place in Germany, eventually developing a â€Å"genocidal mentality† that resulted in the systematic killing of (and medical experimentation on) millions of innocent victims. It smoothly describes the growth and development of the overall Nazi medical ideology, beginning with the definition of â€Å"life unworthy of life.† Lifton explains the process by which mentally and physically disabled children and adults came to be regarded as detriments to society that needed to be killed- both for their own good and for the betterment of mankind. This twisted view resulted in a state-sanctioned euthanasia program, wherein German doctors were first compelled to break their Hippocratic Oath- the professional promise to do no harm that is as old as medicine itself. From its beginnings, Lifton further describes the progression of Nazi killings under the guise of science- culminating in the work of Dr. Josef Mengele in the concentration camp Auschwitz. Unlike many studies of Mengele's work, Lifton does not focus simply on the horrors he perpetrated during his time at the camp. Rather, he attempts to explain how the â€Å"camp culture† within Auschwitz and the increasingly brutal practices of the Nazi system resulted in the atmosphere which allowed such horrible atrocities to occur. Koren, Y. (2005). Mengele and the Family of Dwarfs: Yehuda Koren Tells One Family's Remarkable Story of Surviving Auschwitz. History Today, 55, 32-33. This article examines another group of Mengele's victims, Jews suffering the genetic disease of dwarfism. Specifically, an entire family, all of whom somehow managed to survive not only his experiments but the deadly atmosphere of Auschwitz itself. Koren provides first-person accounts via interviews of some members of the Ovitz family, a unique clan from Romania that arrived at Auschwitz in 1944. The family of twelve included seven dwarfs and was the largest recorded dwarf family in the world and before their transport to Auschwitz had spent years touring in a traveling exhibition that promoted them as the â€Å"Lilliput Troupe.† Mengele was extremely interested in genetic abnormalities, and as such targeted dwarfs and other unusual individuals for experimentation. Experiments conducted on the family included extensive drawing of blood, high doses of radiation, removal of blood marrow samples, teeth pulled and the women received mysterious injections into their wombs. Despite all of this horrid treatment, Mengele seemed to have a strange fondness for the family and often treated them to special meals and other privileges, so that he could use them as a source of entertainment for other SS officers. This makes their case extremely unique amongst all of his victims. So, while he avoided killing them, he did so for entirely selfish reasons. The case involving this particular family offers interesting insight into Mengele's personality. Freyhofer, H. (2004). The Nuremberg Medical Trial: The Holocaust and the Origin of the Nuremberg Medical Code. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. This book examines and explains the Medical or â€Å"Doctors† trial of Nuremberg, by recounting everything that led up to the trial, and the wide-ranging effects it had. Particular care is paid to analyzing the breaches in ethics by members of the medical community that chose to take part in the Nazi euthanasia programs and subsequent medical experimentation on prisoners. These doctors, when charged with war crimes in the face of overwhelming evidence of what went on during the course of the war in hospitals and concentration camps, attempted to prove that the experiments they carried out were justifiable in the name of science. Though Josef Mengele was on the run and in hiding at the time of the Trial and didn’t face justice alongside his fellow perpetrators, Freyhofer goes into extensive detail analyzing Mengele's methods and potential   motivations, as well as the ethical implications of Mengele's work. Instead of focusing on the nature of the experiments performed by Mengele and other Nazi doctors, this text seeks to examine the larger picture of medical responsibility. Freyhofer explains the nature of the Hippocratic oath and why it failed to endure the pressures brought upon it by Nazi ideology. Coupled with this is a study of how the doctors charged in the trial, many of them highly respected in their fields before the war, could have so thoroughly warped their ethical viewpoints. The most significant contribution of this work is the explanation of the Nuremberg Medical Code that resulted from the trial, in which the courts set a legal international standard for medical experimentation. As a result of this landmark decision, doctors could never again claim to have performed experimentation on unwilling subjects for the good of science. Riordan, C. (1997). The Sins of the Children: Peter Schneider, Allan Massie and the Legacy of Auschwitz. Journal of European Studies, 27, 161-180. This article examines the repercussions that Nazi war crimes have had on the descendants of both the perpetrators and the victims. Countless sources recount the stories of Holocaust survivors and the stories of their children, but few examine the effects the war had on the equally innocent children of many top Nazis. These children grew up with the heart-breaking weight of their fathers crimes, which in turn generated a degree of self-loathing. One particular figure of interest in this article is Rolf Mengele, the son of Dr. Josef Mengele. Mengele, having disappeared after the war into hiding in Brazil, lived out the rest of his days in relative peace and quiet, never meeting retribution for his terrible crimes. Six years after the death of his father, Rolf finally came forward and recounted his story of what it was like to have to live in obscurity under constant fear of discovery, and coping with the knowledge that his father never regretted any of his barbaric doings. The primary purpose behind analyzing the stories of the children of Nazi war criminals is to determine where historians draw the line between understanding and acceptance. To accomplish this, Riordan references two fictionalized accounts of these father-son relationships in order to gain insight into how the children of war criminals deal with the knowledge of their fathers' actions, and what action (or lack thereof) they take to attempt to atone for those crimes. Why, for example, did Rolf Mengele never turn his father in to the authorities? The motives are varied, and in the end it's up to the individual to weigh perceived loyalty to family, or loyalty to justice. Hinton, AL. (2002). Annihilating Difference: The Anthropology of Genocide. Berkeley: University of California Press. This book seeks to examine the larger picture of genocide and what drives humanity to single out and persecute specific groups of people within society. By studying various cases where genocide has occurred, such as the Holocaust, the author hopes to bring about an understanding of what causes these shameful events and how we might strive to prevent them in the future. Hinton states that genocide cannot occur without a basis of ideology that the perpetrators feel justifies their behavior. Clearly this makes the Holocaust a prime example, and Hinton places great emphasis on the supposed anthropological basis for many Nazi ideologies. Primarily amongst these are those regarding the Jews, who were defined by the Nazis as a lesser breed of humanity due to their stereotypical ethnic features, which differed in some ways from the â€Å"ideal† Aryan. This anthropological view that Jews were sub-human played a major role in Nazi justification of their treatment of the Jews, from basic imprisonment to systematic killing and use in ghastly medical experiments like those carried out by Josef Mengele. Hinton also discusses the psychological blocks put in place by the Nazis themselves in order to avoid full comprehension of their misdeeds. This included the frequent use of obscure terms and code words that were used in place of clear descriptions of the atrocities carried out on prisoners by Mengele and other Nazis. This suggests that even ideology couldn’t fully convince even the Nazis that what they were doing was right, and subconciously they corrected for this by softening the appearance of their crimes, at least in writing. Baumel, JT. (2000). â€Å"You Said the Words You Wanted Me to Hear But I Heard The Words You Couldn't Bring Yourself To Say†: Women's First Person Accounts of the Holocaust. The Oral History Review. 27, 17-18. This article offers a unique view of some of Mengele's forgotten victims, the mothers of many of the children used in his experiments. It's well documented that Mengele was highly interested in performing experiments on twins, and he took great care to sort twin children out from the rest of the Jews brought to Auschwitz by train. Twins were often yanked from their mothers grasps and the mothers sent off to their deaths never knowing what became of their children, while other times the mothers themselves were also involved in the experiments. This article examines both situations, with particular attention paid to the later group- Mengele was interested in what caused the twin phenomenon, and did tests on the Jewish mothers of twins in hopes of discovering the cause of twin births. Other mothers were forced to take part in the tests conducted on their own children, sometimes forced to inject their children with unknown substances, many of which had terrible effects. This had an obvious severe psychological effect on these mothers, which Baumel explores in detail through first hand accounts. Other times, pregnant women were selected by Mengele for experimentation, such as one mother that had her newborn child taken from her and was forced to watch it starve to death as Mengele sought to determine how long a newborn could survive without its mother. Other pregnant women were experimented on, with injections and surgery. Through this and other terrible descriptions, Baumel illustrates not only the horrors of Mengele's experimentation, but also the terrible effect it had on the women they involved.

Contexual Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Contexual Research Paper - Essay Example It can be noted that these excuses are always used many times that teachers no longer accept them as there before. Segal explains that many learners that plan out what to say and makes it a reason to believe in have an extension and excuse to give in assignments at a later date. "Creative students may win extra extensions with a little careful planning and full plot development† (Sega, pp.1). If a learner gives such excuses every time leads to a tendency to cook what to say and expect in case assignments are not done within allocated time. From the article, one can know himself or herself and always that he or she used excuses. I have come to think of where excuses are true and when tutors think they are lies. "A friend of mine in graduate school had a student who claimed that his roommate attacked him with a hammer†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ in fact was a true story" (Segal, pp.2). If a person hears the reason why students fail to turn in assignments, it sounds funny although it is an actual occurrence. Many people always fall victims of such circumstances where something happens that makes them fail to do their assignments but it looks to be made up according to other persons. Such situations always even turn worse in learning institutions. Teachers are left with no choice but to exercise their punishment on a student whether the reason given was true or false. This article as fixed the way teachers look at students. The teachers have acquired a perception that students always lie in case they do not finish up their assignments. The reality is that students’ reasons for not doing assignments in time may be either false or true. Segal has negatively influenced teachers as they will always have the idea that students always lie when they do not complete assignments in time. This article has also humor in it as it is very sarcastic. The author talks about what she experiences with learners’ excuses and classify them as evils of dorm

Article on artist Nina Valetova Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

On artist Nina Valetova - Article Example cinatory effect which is conspicuous in several paintings is the result of the perfect blend of oil colors, very few artists in the whole wide world can create such a fine impact. The theme of surrealism which means something unimaginable has been very well presented in the works, this only goes to show how talented and creative the artist really is, Nina deserves to be extolled for her exceptional creativity. The works also reveal several tales but the viewers must put their heads to good use because she does not present the whole tale, most works need to be deciphered, only smart viewers would be able to do so. Her works are very enigmatic, at times the viewers feel that the works are frozen in time, the next second they feel that the same works are brimming with life, it becomes very incomprehensible for the viewers to understand the enigma surrounding the paintings. This again goes to show the ability of the artist to keep the viewers on tenterhooks. Each canvas is unique and presents new stories reveled by the artist, such uniqueness is hard to find elsewhere. The artist has put in a conscious effort to actively experiment with dimension and composition which has given an edge to her works over others, the paradoxical nature of the works has made them much more intriguing than it originally would have been. A viewer who is short of philosophical depth would not be able to comprehend the theme of the different canvases. The artist has dug deep to find irrationality of the modern society and several paintings portray the same. The unpredictability of the modern day society has also been presented in several painting. To conclude it is very fair to say that Nina is certainly unique from other artists’ she dares to experiment and think out of the box, her experimentation with different oil colors has always paid off, her experimentation with structure and dimension has also been very successful. Lastly, one needs to have philosophical depth to be able to

The effects of a divorce on the cognitive and social development of Essay

The effects of a divorce on the cognitive and social development of adolescents - Essay Example Intact families may also be undergoing the same dysfunctional environment, as do the families to be divorced. A phenomenal rise in divorce rates in the developed countries during the 1960s and 1970s made nations tighten the divorce laws. Studies showed that children of divorced parents experienced more emotional and behavioral problems than children who live with both biological parents. It was a widely accepted perception that marital disruption makes adolescents more vulnerable to problems. This led to the formulation of a series of legal reforms and social policies to increase and enforce child support system. With the help of professional peer reviewed journals and online database, this paper will determine the effects of a divorce on the cognitive and social development of adolescents. Adolescents’ response to parental divorce has been focus of research for many sociologists and psychologists. These responses have significant effect on their behavioral patterns, social development, their moods, and anxieties. There is convincing evidence that children of divorce experience more psychological, social and academic difficulties than the peers from intact families. The old school of thought believed that parental divorce was an event which, affected children after the divorce had actually taken place. Recently, family researchers look at marital disruptions as a continuous process that occurs much before the marriage dissolves and may continue long after the divorce takes place (Sun, n.d.). Bogenschneider, Kaplan & Morgan (1993) quote from a review of 92 studies of divorce undertaken by Amato & Keith (1991) which involved 13000 children. According to the review, children of divorce experience lower levels of well-being than children from intact families across several domains. According to Researcher Sun at Ohio State

Chemistry central journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Chemistry central journal - Essay Example A prediction was made successfully five out of seven times (Schmuker, de Bruyne, Hà ¤hnel, and Schneider, 2007) on an odorant’s activity. Presently the field is not error proof. Although the study of ORNs and SARs between odorant and activated receptor has grown in recent years, much is left to learn. This study could only predict tested: models by recording in vivo receptor neuron responses to a new set of odorants and successfully predicted the responses of five out of seven receptor neurons. Correlation coefficients ranged from 0.66 to 0.85, demonstrating the applicability of our approach for the analysis of olfactory receptor activation data. (Schmuker, de Bruyne, Hà ¤hnel, and Schneider, 2007) ORNs to 47 ORNs in response to stimulation with odorant molecules† (Schmuker, de Bruyne, Hà ¤hnel, and Schneider, 2007). The responses of the Drosophila ORNs to forty-seven odorants were measured by electophysiological in vivo recordings from de Bruyne, Foster, and Carlson 2001 study â€Å"Odor coding in the Drosophila antenna.† In this 2001 study, the activity in a given compound was classified as â€Å"active’, ‘inactive’, or ‘uncertain’, depending on the spike rate it elicits in the ORN† (de Bruyne, Foster, and Carlson, 2001). The ‘uncertain’ data was not used when training the ANNs for specific ORNs for this study. Then Schmuker, de Bruyne, Hà ¤hnel, and Schneider (2007): trained 30,000 ANN models per ORN, selected those with the highest predictive power, and used them to predict ORN responses to 21 compounds, which were subsequently tested in vivo (in the following referred to as "test data"). We also assayed ten compounds that had already been tested in the previous study. The MATLAB Neural Network Toolbox was used for ANN modeling, employing backpropagation training with a gradient descent algorithm as implemented in MATLABs traingdx function. (Hertz, Palmer, and Krogh, 1991) A well-trained, well-generalizing model will have a high

Strategic Failure at Daimler-Chrysler Assignment

Strategic Failure at Daimler-Chrysler - Assignment Example From the works of Blasko, Netter and Sinkey (2000), there were very many strategic plans that were set to make sure that the merger worked. The strategic issue was that the companies were to use their strengths to work together and create a formidable collection of products for the customers. Ju ¨rgen Schrempp had indicated that what was being created was the greatest and historic merger that would automatically change the face of the automotive industry (Bill & Stertz, 2001, p. 92). The strategies were aimed at the merger shaping the capacity of the industry. Looking at the factors that led to consolidation of the boards of the two companies into signing the ‘marriage’ agreement, there was a misconception that would haunt the outcomes later. The deep set strategic misconception that highly led to a negative was a misconception that the industry was to go through a transformative consolidation in which other companies would survive as smaller competitors in the market. This was proved wrong with the successful growth of mergers like Renault-Nissan. Secondly, there was the misconception that the two companies would complement each other’s strengths in the market in terms of quality production, type of product and market segmentation. However, it was found that they would not necessarily rule the market due to a miscalculation that was mistaken. Based on technical know-how and sharing, the two companies were to realise, as per the financial strategies a total of $1.4 billion in the first year of operations. These were far high misconceptions and, as far as the depth of their contribution to the failure is concerned, it was a deep set problem which saw a creation of strategies without considering the market economies and diseconomies. Depth of Mismanagement According to Krebbs (2007), the marriage between Daimler and Chrysler was doomed to fail right from the start because of three reasons. He alleges that much as the conditions were of the idea that they would share much of the resources, Chrysler was purchased, treated as such and the whole process was a scum. Therefore, the issue as to what extent management caused the failure of the union includes failure from the initial strategies. The union was based on ego and therefore the more the management profited from it, the better. This was not good for the company and other stakeholders. It wasn’t an issue of compatibility but personal satisfaction. Secondly, Krebbs still assert that there was no commitment in the marriage in which case the German side viewed it as very temporary (Krebbs, 2007, p. 3). This caused laxity in its contributions to the whole management process. The relationship is also said to lack vision for the future. After the merger, top management also merged and there were single positions created. In autumn of 2000, the CEO of DaimlerChrysler announced that he had initially wanted that Chrysler be a subsidiary to the union (Pooley, 2005, p. 29). This was a very strong indication that there was absolutely lack of will in the management of the two companies and therefore everybody affiliated to Chrysler became reluctant to continue service in the union. Therefore, the management had

Ivaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ivaluation - Essay Example When the storm happened, Calixta’s husband and son were in town while Alcee’s wife was away. Despite their marital status, they had this intense sexual relationship that they could not find in their spouses. This presented a very liberating idea of the author about adultery. How could sex and love be different? Was she trying to say that a person can be emotionally faithful and committed but physically not? If that was the case, then any married person who could not find sexual satisfaction from his/her partner could deliberately have sex with anyone as long as it was just physical contact and mere sex, and as long as you do not get caught as the part â€Å"the actual storm passed by without doing any real damage, leaving the city as it had been before the storm† (Pope, 2010). Therefore, adultery would just be a normal thing in the society. One can always justify that having sex is just an act of fulfilling his/her sexual needs with someone who can satisfy it if that person cannot find it from his/her own partner. What is the essence of marriage at this point? Moving on, another crucial issue in this story was femininity. First, the character of Calixta was described to be â€Å"unable to conform to the society’s standards of acceptable conduct† (M, 2012) especially in the 19th century setting. Symbolically, it goes with the issue of chastity as Calixta was a married woman which went favourably with Alcee. Looking closely at it, a sexually mutual relationship compromised the affair of the two main characters. Calixta had her sexual longing and desire as a woman beyond her role as a wife and mother. Her marriage was seemingly repressing her and having a passionate sexual encounter with Alcee released her from the pressures of her married life. Giving in to Alcee was not because of love for this man but for the love of herself. It was her human nature that she needed to satisfy. This part of characterization was very liberating although not in a vulgar way, yet it made a negative impression among women in a patriarchal society. Taking into account that women have their own needs, let us say that they have the right and the freedom to voice them out and seek for their satisfaction, at what extent should they attain it? It is just to cheat on their spouse just to fulfil the physical and sexual fantasy and longing? How can the society or the women themselves distinguish their feminine satisfaction from immorality? Contrary to the first two themes, marriage that was supposed to be of high moral was given a different treatment in the story. It set boundaries among the characters instead of giving them space to grow as different individuals. Calixta found pressure in her marriage having a husband described to be undependable. Alcee, on the other side, being far away from his wife did not have a spouse to answer his sexual passion. At the end of it all, the elements lacking in their marriage pushed them to cheat on their spouses. Dishonesty in a marital relationship is immoral and sinful, but in the story, the sexual bliss served as a therapy both for Calixta and Alcee to be kinder and sweeter to their spouses. Ironically, their so called hypocrisy seemed to help strengthen rather than destroying their individual marriages. Personally, one thing I noticed in this story was the act of

European Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

European Human Rights - Essay Example In this respect, this essay will argue that aside from the HRA's failure to properly incorporate the Convention rights; a more crucial failure is the fact that it leaves courts hesitant to apply the legislation due to the vague guidelines given under section 3 of the Act. As previously mentioned, the HRA is meant to give guarantees to the rights and freedoms embodied in the convention. Among its effects, the Act renders it "unlawful for a public authority to act in a way which is incompatible with a Convention right."4 In addition, it also obliges courts to "[s]o far as possible to do so"5, ensure that "primary legislation and subordinate legislation must be read and given effect in a way which is compatible with Convention rights"6 and in instances where it is not possible, to "make a declaration of that incompatibility"7. Since the Act came into effect, however, the HRA's significance in successfully protecting the rights and freedoms embodied in the Convention has been limited by the two aforementioned provisions. First, with regard to the obligation posed on authorities under section 6, case law has exhibited difficulties in determining whether or not the person in question of violating the Convention under the HRA is a 'public authority', aptly defined or not. Under section 6, public authorities are defined as "a court or tribunal" or "any person certain of whose functions are functions of a public nature." 8 In this respect, the definition of public authority is imperative because in cases where violations of human rights occurred, individuals can only be awarded damages against public authorities. As defined by the act, damages refer to "damages for an unlawful act of a public authority".9 The definition of public authority is therefore a crucial aspect of enforcing the law, and applying it in courts. However, difficulty lies in determining whether a person has functions that are of public nature and whether public authorities are operating under private transactions. In the case of Poplar Housing and Regeneration Community Association Ltd v Donoghue [2002] QB 48, 67, a private body was deemed to be performing public functions, and hence liable under section 6 of the Act.10 In this respect, the case was considered a landmark in case law regarding the definition of public authority, because it called for "a generous interpretation of who is a public authority".11 As a result, the definition of the term achieved what Lord Irvine indicated as a need for an extended and "wide-ranging definition of public authority", in order to extend the liabilities under the HRA "to provide as much protection as possible for the rights of the individual against the misuse of power by the state" preserving parliamentary sovereignty.12 However, the changing nature of government functions, as well as the growing partnership between public and private organizations has rendered this already difficult task more complex. In this respect, Lord Nicholls illustrates this in Aston Cantlow v Wallbank [2004] 1 AC 546, stating that: there is no single test of universal application. There cannot be, given the diverse nature of governmental functions and the variety of means by which these functions are discharged today.

Implementing Change Paper Essay Example for Free

Implementing Change Paper Essay Introduction Managers have to bring changes into a company because some of the old ways of doing order or working with employees need to change. The manager responsibility is to make sure the changes which the company is implementing are done at a right pace and all the employees know the reason for the change. Some people at an organization are use to one way and not want to settle for anything they are not use to. It is up to the manager to change the minds of the individuals who do not want to make the change. The manager has to show the older way of the company is in need of change and if they do not change, it will make the organization lose clients and the work they use to do is much slower than everyone else who are doing the same work. Individuals often refuse to accept adjustments, in spite of sign that modification frequently change for the better for persons who are influence. This struggle to adjust makes dispute for individuals in leadership spot. To successfully execute a modify arrangement, manager require to obtain a dynamic position in the modify method. Choosing the correct managers to command the revolution procedure is important to the arrangement’s accomplishment. Managers’ Roles When applying adjustment, managers have to perform as modify mediator. By meaning, change manager are the contributor that makes certain the adaption development drift from one stage to the other until the modification becomes stable. Transform managers have the skills to inspire each other, display solid individuality, adjustability, self-assurance, and a skill to obtain thoughts from uncertain foundation of effort. Managerial manager must search for these uniqueness when transfer liability for administrating the adjust procedure. Supervisor, however, regularly not the cast of modification, are responsible to the company for important diversity (Terez, 1990). Companies are hardly ever prepared for the style of development required to change the format and enhance the organization, which play a role to transition related concern. While individuals oppose the adjustments, workers are frequently refused to accept intimidation somewhat than the switch itself. Accepting the aspect of ind ividual personality is capable of aid managers fabricate encouragement for the revision diagram. One of the main influential strategy managers are able to utilize to ease modification related concern is to make available knowledge. Managers’ function to ease uncertainties in related to alter by satisfying issues, focus on gossip, recognize worries, and lead with sample. Managers can take away anxiety of the unfamiliar by present inquiry and respond meeting with persons disturb by the adjustment. Containing distress group in debating and arrange as greatly as possible aid in gather foundation for approaching change (Perry, 2007). An alternative magnitude managers know how to utilize to ease struggle to transform is to talk about how the adjustment will guard or improve equality for the company. Not discussing, several members of staff might aspect the correction as excessive, but clearing up in detail the adjustment certainly influence people and offer enough training preparation to the modification are able to calm fear that the altering will hurt some particular crowd. While managers display understanding, individuals changes by revolution able to other willing recognize the procedure (Sullivan Decker, 2009). Manager handle staff resistance Manager profession as someone in charge is to deal with conflict from mutually outcome to aid the persons lessen it to a negligible, convenient point. Management occupation is not to force workers challenge to get far ahead. First, managers must give a large amount of information before it time for the real modification is due. Second, managers must completely notify the distress workers of the cause behind the alteration. Third, managers must do perform all feasible to refine workers concern about the transformation. Fourth, managers have to give workers amp amount of time to think about how the adjustment will influence them, the company as a total, and the consumers. In other words, employees who get understandable facts about if the change would exactly affect the company and workers position within it will understand changes considerably enhance than workers who do not get this facts. Management need to give as much facts about a recommend modification as they can, still if ther e will be some negative reactions (Baker, 2011). Steps of the changing process Step 1: Assessment Assessment includes the group of information to indentify trouble with the company. Assessment also include organize key shareholder to gather the necessary information to recognize the situation at the organization. Step 2: Planning Planning require getting as one the union workers to create a deliberate arrangement that contain a reason type for how trouble will be solve. The deliberate arrangement also contain facts assistance, apply, and strategy that are made to deliver the troubles recognized during evaluation and that are exclusively right to the organization character. These preparation procedures create deliberate target, purpose, and presentation marks as well initial achievement tactics. Step 3: Implementation Implementation requires obtaining conflict direct by the deliberate arrangement that was made for assessment and development. Suitable adjustment to instruct, rule, and rehearse should be create establish on the feature, background, and situation of the organization. Step 4: Evaluation Evaluation has a great impact on the organization and all their programs which they generally run. Some of the things which are greatly affected are the policy, the practices, and programs. The significant part of doing evaluation is to identify the areas of which has change or improve. The important involve evaluation involve how the change impact the execute strategy, course, and preparation (CPRD Institution of Government and Public Affairs University of Illinois, 2009). Conclusion The purpose of this paper is not gives the solution to the complex predicament connected with refusal to accept but to state that the hypothetical awareness is clearly record. However, remain organization not successful in modification attempt shows that these facts have not influence ordinary opinion of management and, as a result, has not shift into the advancement of continuous management method when applying advancement. Not all employees oppose alteration, and not all employees agree to adjustment. To what level transformation is allow are rely on the particular change and persons circumstances and views. Approval or refusal frequently rely on the individual failure or win that will show the outcome from the altering in the touchy region of, funds, sight, operating terms, authorization, or duty, as capably from intangibles involving position, identification, sense of significance, and protection. Even though anticipate some deficit or increase may happen and another may by no means occur, approve or refuse to accept will rely to a considerable amount of what individuals may think will occur. References Baker, S. L. (2011). Managing Resistance to Change. Retrieved from http://www.ideas.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/7649/librarytrendsv38i1h_opt.pdf?sequence=1 CPRD Institution of Government and Public Affairs University of Illinois. (2009, January). Background Research: The Strategic Prevention Framework. Retrieved from http://www.cprd.illinois.edu/files/ResearchBrief_SFP_2009.pdf Perry, W. E. (2007). A managers guide to suppose organizational change: 10 lessons learned.. Journal of the Quality Assurance Institute, 21(2), 13-16. Sullivan, E. J., Decker, P. J. (2009). Effective leadership and management in nursing (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Terez, T. (1990). A manager guidelines for Implementing successful operational change. Industrial Management, 32(4), 18-21.

Nokia Essay Example for Free

Nokia Essay 1. What are the trends in the mobile handset Industry? What is Nokia’s strategy and how has globalization changed its way of operation? The major trends in the mobile hand set industry according to www.strandreports.com are the treat and possibilities of the Discount Mobile Service Providers, falling profit margins on basic mobile services as a result of competition, the use of outsourcing, controlled investments in infrastructure, and higher marketing expenses partly because of the use of micro segmentation. Nokia’s strategies are the strength of its brand, supply chain efficiency, and its dominant position in emerging markets. Globalization has changed Nokia’s way of operations by trying to find country’s where they can pay its workers less, and in the long run make more profits. 2. Was the German Backlash against Nokia justified? How can nations make themselves more competitive? In my opinion I believe that the German backlash against Nokia was justified. This is due to the fact that Nokia didn’t repay the 41 million Euros ($63 million) in subsidies it had been given for locating its closed mobile phone plant in Bochum to Romania. Also I feel that it was unjust that Nokia closed the plant in Bochum because it was highly profitable, and the German workforce is far more skilled, well educated, productive, and is one of the world’s highest wage and benefits earners. Nations can make themselves more competitive by increasing their education systems in the country, and also by increasing their trade and communications with other countries. 3. What, if any, were the flaws in Nokia’s approach to announcing and handling its plant closure? What can the company do now for damage control? Nokia’s main flaw in its approach to announcing and handling its plant closure in my opinion was that they had no clear explanation of why such a profitable company needed to close a productive factory. What Nokia can do now is apologize to all the people that they put out of work, and repay the 41 million Euros ($63 million) in subsidies it had been given to the German workers that deserve it. 4. What did I learn from this case study? From this case study I learned that Nokia is the largest mobile handset maker in the world with a 40% market share. Nokia also produces four out of every 10 mobile phones sold worldwide and is well ahead of it competition on the strength of its brand, supply chain efficiency, a dominant position in emerging markets, understanding consumer needs and providing phones ranging from less than $50 to advance services featuring satellite navigation and email. Also that business is business and Nokia found a more profitable location for its factory in Romania even though the German factory was extremely profitable, and it never suffered a loss. Nokia put a lot of people out of jobs due to the closing of the German factory, they saw that the factory only made sense in the short term, and Nokia as a global competitor needs to focus on the long term goals to stay ahead of it competition.

Promoting fashion brands through social media

Promoting fashion brands through social media The purpose of this study has been to research possibilities of promoting a fashion brand through social media, specifically Facebook. It would analyse its advantages as well as disadvantages towards fashion business. The social media is an Internet platform where people are free to discuss and communicate through different blogs and websites. The critical question is how consumer decisions are affected by other consumers recommendations. It is very important that businesses intending to join the online environment should thoroughly understand the online consumer market. For the marketing purposes, social networks represent unique opportunities of a constant contact with the consumers. Sales over the Internet have increased drastically over the last decade in both USA and Europe (Forrester Research, 2000). In December 2002, Europeans reportedly spent $ 15.8 billion in 2002, Whereas North Americans spent $15.7 billion. The rise in Internet sales was mostly effected by the sales of gar ments and toys (Blauw Research bv, 2003). Outlaw Freelancers is a small Amsterdam based fashion brand, and is a good example of the micro business. Their sales are done only through Internet, at their main web page (www.outlawfreelancers.com). Outlaws have decided to use new marketing ways, and advertise their brand through social network such as Facebook. In order to find out how the big brands on the market manage social media exposure, interview with NIKE and HM representatives was accomplished. From the interviews it can be seen that companies operate almost with the same structure, except geographically targeting consumers. In comparison with Outlaws, both NIKE and HM, have already established an image, and therefore in no need of a new one. The study has shown that social media power is not enough to push the brand on the market. After a 4 months observation of Outlaw Freelancers it was clear that social media was not enough to push the sales. However, it is crucial for established companies like NIKE and HM to use social media to communicate with its consumers. Due to the time limit, it was unfeasible to continue the Outlaws research of 4 months which could possibly lead to better results. The observation is relatively small and could have led to different outcome if the period was longer. The study has shown that for a new brand on the fashion market it is crucial to mix the use of traditional marketing as well as new Internet ways. Acknowledgements I would like to express my appreciation and thank to all those involved in accomplishing this thesis, including individuals and various organizations that will be mentions throughout the process. Thanks to my parents, Mr. And Mrs. Kaminskiy, for their unfailing support during the period of my entire course. Special thanks to my dear friend Louisa Chiejina, who stayed encouraging and positive through the whole process, and believed in me. 1.1Introduction Outlaw Freelancers is Amsterdam based fashion brand, which is represented by a collaboration of fashion and graphic designers who worked with the worlds largest fashion brands in previous. The brand was established in spring 2010, and represented by a simple but highly effective designs. The collection is entitled, Run, the old world is behind you! Inspired by the 1968 Paris student protests features a 12 piece line on mens t-shirts with the Outlaws signature bold, iconic imagery. At the moment the brand is concentrating only on online sales, which will follow by retail in the near future. The Vision of the brand can be refereed to as a glocal lifestyle and take inspiration from popular culture: art, music, design and modern European living. Outlaw Freelancers consumer are masculine, work and socialize in stylish fashionable cities. Their personal style is intuitive and daring, reflecting an independence of spirit. Creative provocative and rebellious, always modern. Being a new brand the company is trying to find a suitable marketing strategy. In the industry there are many marketing strategies that a company could use to promote its brand awareness such as: advertising, public relations, personal selling, direct marketing, sales promotion and word on mouth marketing, which all belong to the marketing communication mix, also known as a promotional mix. The six elements help companies to achieve customer loyalty and rise in sales. The marketing communication mix model was created Philip Kotler, whos knowledge is being used all around the world. Every element of the mix represents a different approach, which will be explained in the literature review. Outlaw Freelancers have adopted some of the strategies from the marketing mix, such as word of mouth, for its future success. Despite the use of marketing mix, the brand has decided to use the Internet also known as Web 2.0. Companies have widely recognised the power of the internet and broad scope it offers . The interactivity provide retailers with the potential to transform their customers shopping experience (Evanschitzky et al., 2004; Wol ¬Ã‚ nbarger and Gilly, 2003), and in so doing, strengthen their own competitive positions (Doherty and Ellis-Chadwick, 2009; Levenburg, 2005). The company uses the internet through social media sites like Facebook, to communicate with its consumers and prospective customers. Primarily, social networks were aimed to build communities on the Internet, of people with similar interests and/or activities. Social networking existed since 1995 and started up with www.Classmates.com. The project came out quite successful, and in the next few year there was a number of duplicates with the same content. But the official social networking success started in 2003-2004 with the networks such as: LinkedIn, Myspace and Facebook. The advantages of networking can also involve finding people with the same interest, finding the desired web page or any other information that can interest you related to your hobby or work. Usually, the web site allows you to post information about yourself (e.g. Date of birth, school or university you attended, hobbies etc.) from which other users can find you, and relate if needed. There are different types of profiles, you can either have your own private profile, or make a group which will be visible for everybody. As competition in the fashion markets intensifies globally, companys seek other and new strategies to capture both the interest and loyalty of consumers. Because the business environment is changing and is very dynamic in the fashion sector . Apparel companys would have to build their image and brand with supporting marketing strategies which will lead to growth in the long run and survival of the brand and what it represents (Marguerite Moore, 2003) For the marketing purposes, social networks represent unique opportunities of a constant contact with the consumers. It became a usual activity to talk about different companies and preferences, which either can break the companys reputation, or make it stronger. Social media marketing platform is growing extremely fast, therefore it attract spending more budget by the companies on advertisings that can be placed on these web pages. The major goal of Marketing is undoubtedly to satisfy the customers needs and make a profit along the way. Unfortunately, the needs of customers can differ tremendously from industry to industry. Therefore different approaches are required to meet all the different needs. Positioning the brand is about finding the right spot in customers minds in order to create the desired association. (Kotler, 2001, p.172) The thesis mostly concentrates Facebook as a form of social media network. It would analysis its advantages as well as disadvantages towards businesses and their marketing strategy. Nowadays news about Facebook appears very regularly, this is one of the fastest growing social networks and the most popular one. Launched 6 years ago, Facebook was a closed network for students only, allowed to sign in only with a student email address belonging to certain universities. Nowadays anybody around the world can join the network. The main advantage for marketing purposes, that ensured success of Facebook, is the transformation from the usual social network into a platform with web applications. Developers have created a program that allows anyone to create an addition to Facebook. Currently, there are more than 5000 web-based applications, among them games and promotions which are quite useful for enhancing the performance of services and advertising. After a convenient research Outlaw Freelancers have decided to use the social media website such as Facebook as a marketing strategy to take on helping promote the brand. (Salzer-Morling and Strannegard 2004) define the brand as the organisations principal asset and the core business activity. It is more than just a name or symbol and can be used to differentiate a retailer from its competitors . having a strong brand is a powerful marketing strategy to reduce uncertainty about evaluation of product and to increase the purchase intentions of online shoppers (Collins-Dodd and Lindley, 2003). Today more and more retailers use their websites and social media to establish their brand presence on the web and communicate with key audiences. The main purpose of this thesis is to find out whether social media, such as Facebook, can influence the Outlaw Freelancers brand awareness, and sales in a long run. There are a lot of surveys mentioning that traditional advertising methods are losing power, compare to the online word of mouth, therefore it is interesting to use a real life example such as Outlaw Freelancers, to observe whether Facebook can be effective. The remainder of this study/research is organised as follows. Chapter 2 looks at the literatures relative to the subject , while chapter 3 looks at the methods used to convey the research . Chapter 4 looks at the analysis gotten from the survey and finally chapter 5 will conclude the research. Aims and Objectives I. To find out if the social media such as Facebook can affect online sales of the small brand such as Outlaw Freelancers. Compare the use of Facebook of a big company like NIKE to a small brand such as Outlaw Freelancers. Find out what are the lessons that small business can apply. Analyze if it is effective to use only social media during the growth of the new brand. 1.2 Significance of study The purpose of this study is to explore how a small fashion brand tries to engage in the market using social media techniques. Upon completion of the study , the Researcher would have an additional knowledge in analysing how social media works and most especially in what kind of businesses. The study will identify problems that might occur using this form of marketing strategy. With research , interviews, sent out questionnaires and the presence of a focus group. The study will show in detail the impact of social media network such as Facebook on the business and its brand. The recommendation on findings made in the study will help Outlaw Freelancer, its owners and potential small businesses, more aware and knowledgeable on external factors out there that could endanger or improve their business future. Limitation of study Time constraints due to time it was unfeasible to have more personal interviews with managers of mostly fashion companies. Also questionnaire could be as extensive as the researcher would have preferred. Limited Research present research/survey available still represent a diminutive fraction of the individuals on social media site; Facebook and fashion companies that promote their brands through this medium. The sample is relatively small and might have a different outcome if the sample was larger. Limited response Some of the interviewees have busy lives hence are limited to a short time and would only be able to answer a restricted amount of questions. Data availability Some of the respondents were reluctant to provide some of the information. Chapter 2 Literature Review As the internet continues to grow more and more consumers organise their regular lives around the web. From education(online learning to shopping for groceries or in this context fashion goods. Over the years consumers have seem to increase their online purchase of fashion merchandises. That status has generated a body of research allied with fashion e-tailing. (Marchiniak, R. and Bruce, M. 2004) summarise in a chapter about e-tailing, they highlight that an ample amount of study done in the area shows cross channel shopping behaviour and issues with consumer behaviour. However further research show essentials like web site design , quality and fashion are most retailers approach to online strategy (Neil F. Doherty Fiona Ellis 2010). The aspect of web design is important to any fashion branding especially the Outlaws; a brand coming straight into the e-tailing market. In the terms of web site design, issues like the page design , interactivity level , and inconsistency across the si tes get consumers concerned and react ( Siddiqui, N., OMalley, A., McColl, J.C. and Birtwistle, G. 2003). In different literature , there are aspects that are needed for any company looking to promote its brand through the web or social media websites. Aspects like branding, promotions, and web design mentioned above. Branding is crucial to the final vision of any fashion company, whether big or small. Park and Stoel (2005) investigated the familiarity with brands on the internet alongside with previous experience of shopping. They suggest that this familiarity and knowledge about brands is likely to influence the way consumers react and most especially their purchasing power. It also influences their perceptions on the risk associated with shopping online. In other words there is some evidence that brand familiarity may stimulate engagement with online shopping (Jennifer Rowley 2009). In a research model by Park, he made up a hypotheses that, People who are exposed to a well-known brand name will perceive (a) higher value and (b) more positive store image, as compared to people who are exposed to a website with an unfamiliar brand name ( Minjung Park 2009) . The diagram in Appendix ( diagram from journal). goes on to show how Park describes the links between the brand, promotion, perceived value, purchase intention and store image. Although in the case of the Outlaw Freelancers there is not a store image. Moving on to promotions, which are very useful in cognitive evaluations when deciding on the product to purchase (Raghubir, P. 2004). They are important ways of keeping consumers informed about products and trends. They create a sort of awareness value to the retailer, let consumers know about their activities which might eventually lead to their loyalty and encourage them to revisit (Minjung Park 2009). Several research have shown and proven that promotions such as price promotions like discounts have a positive impact on the customers behaviour towards products.(fit it somewhere) However despite the increase in online sales of fashion apparel, research from scholars suggest that many individuals especially those in Europe are more reluctant to shop for garment over the internet. No doubt that issues like trying the apparel on and feeling the fabric hinges this process enormously . (Rene P. Spijkerman 2008) shows in details investigation from several resources (E buyersGuide.com, Kwon et al., 1991; Jasper and Quelette, 1994). He goes on to highlight the percentage and issues involving shopping on-line. In the same research conducted by Rene P. Spijkerman which intended to answer his main research question: How do Dutch fashion retailers use Internet sites (2004 2007) and if Dutch consumers appreciate web sites selling apparel? The research investigation includes the web presents of Dutch apparel retailers having at least up to 55 shops in the town/city. It was to no surprise that majority of the shops could be identified using the google search engine, althou gh others had to be searched through other websites or links. This highlighted a notable part to the researcher that the web presence of any retail business (fashion brands) and easy access was a crucial element, more over as companies like Outlaws intend to grow and be known, the ability to make its presence on the web would be a tough but promising challenge if successful. Finally at the end Rene comes to a conclusion that some Dutch retailers do sell on the Internet on their own site but the majority do not, despite the fact that they obviously put money and effort into their web sites. Others like Doherty et al. (1999) support Rene and suggest similar, proposing that the Internet adoption might not be a viable strategy for all retailers, as the likelihood of an organisation succeeding in their investment decision would be dependent upon the retailers specific internal and environmental inhibitors and facilitators. When all seems to fail, Word of mouth (WOM) is always another marketing strategy for firms to use. It has a greater impact on judgements and decision making than formal methods of marketing communications. Research has showed that this method helps attract new customers . even though others emphasis on branding and promotions Chapter 3 Methodology Research methodology A research process that includes a systematic set of steps and actions to answer certain questions, which usually include information from academic journals, books, different publications and web sites. A right set of methods will lead to the development of the answers. In this thesis few methods will be used to answer the main question. The most important field research is the actual observation and working with the firm Outlaw Freelancers a brand on the social media strategy, for the period of 4 month. It is crucial to observe the process as it goes, paying attention from the very start. The brand is a good example of micro business and it will be interesting to compare its use of the social media, to the big company like NIKE and HM, and the way they operate through Web 2.0. However, it needs to be taken into consideration that big companies already have an existing image, and in no need to build a new one. Their task is to represent the image in its best, and communicate with the consumers, making them a part of a social media building process. Small new brands, on the other hand, have an opportunity of building their image through social media and the word of mouth, which does not involve as much costs like marketing campaigns. An interview will be conducted with NIKE HM representatives, from the social media section, their answers are summarised in the analysis. The NIKE interview will be done in person, to increase the response of the interviewee. The questions will be very open and would be more like a conversation. The HM interview will consists of 7 questions, the questions will be set as an open questionnaire they will open questions with no fixed answers and seek to solicit opinions on particular issues. This questionnaire can be seen in Appendix. It will be interesting to find out how long the companies used social media, if they analyse the outcome and the reaction of users, if there are any costs involved in the process and how many people in the company are involved in the process of managing the Web pages. In order to find out if the users of Facebook pay attention to the fan pages of the fashion brands, another questionnaire will be conducted and sent to 50 users. The questionnaire is closed, with a set of questions in a fixed order, which generally requires the correspondence to respond by selection of one or more multiple choice options. The method ensures a rapid response, easy quantification, coding of data, and consequent comparability of response and guarantees coverage of the area of the interest to the research ( Brewerton et al, 2001. p.70) It will be interesting to see from the user prospective, if there is any attention paid to the updates and information that companies post. (See Appendix) After gathering responses from the following questionnaires, one might be able to compare the use of Facebook of a big company like NIKE to a small brand such as Outlaw Freelancers and find out if the social media such as Facebook can affect online sales of the small brand such as Outlaw Freelancers, which are the aims and objectives (I and II) of this project. All interviews, observations and questionnaires will help to examine and explore the links between the company, its branding and its promotions within social media context. All research, observation and scholars have shown that this elements are very essential ingredients to any company that wishes to participate in e-retailing and make its web presents. However, certain limitations may obstruct the collection data. The interviewees and recipients of the questionnaire are extraordinarily busy. They may not respond or complete the surveys independently. Chapter 4 Analysis 4.1 Analysis Outlaw Freelancers To answer the aims and objectives of this study, the observation was conducted with the Outlaw Freelancers brand. During the period of 4 months the researcher was given an opportunity to work on the social media strategy and advertise the Outlaws mainly through Facebook. Social media gives companies an opportunity of free marketing, the main difference between traditional media and social media are the costs of it. Traditional media have existed long before Internet took over. In a lot of cases it is still relevant, depending on the product and the company. It includes radio, television, newspapers, magazines, books and most print publications. Outlaw Freelancers is a good example of micro business, therefore it was interesting to observe the growth of it. Most of the main objectives that were created in the beginning of the observation were met. Creating a Facebook fan page was a first step. To attract the users to become fans came out as a difficult task, due to the lack of the name recognition. After some time mostly the friends of the brand started to notice, and adding the brand to their profiles. Another important trick that was used in order to grow fan base, was Facebook advertising on the right side of the page. Facebook advertising is meant to be paid for, and the price is depending on the location, occupation and ages that you are targeting, etc. The advertising helped the brand to grow up to 1300 online fans, targeting countries such as Netherlands, France, Belgium, USA and United Kingdom, people who are working in the fashion industry or are related to it by any means. To target different countries gives a brand an opportunity of the immediate international presents, which is important in the long run. Outlaw Freelancers Fan page: New posts of the brand are sent to the fans through the Facebook updates (the posts on the main wall) and message updates. The main web shop (www.outlawfreelancers.com) is linked with Facebook profile which is shown in the information box on the wall of the profile. The fans were constantly indulged in the conversations, which is an important part of the social media strategy. Facebook users like to feel important and noticed. The communication that is done by a brand needs to represents its tone. Preferably the selling part is better to leave to a costumer, which can decide for himself. The post were representing the Outlaws identity, they included different fashion and music events, art exhibitions, inspiring images as well as any kind of updates on the main web shop page. The right balance was accomplished from the beginning, therefore users felt comfortable to comment and take part in discussions. The calendar for updates was made in order to be more strategic, in this way users do not forget about the existence of the brand. To analyse the fan pages, Facebook created an overview graphs, which show the traffic that was drawn by users The main aim of the Facebook fan page is to draw more traffic to the main web-shop (www.outlawfreelancers.com) and increasing sales. The website analysis did not show much change in the first 2 month, where after that period traffic increased and t-shirts were selling, but in very small quantities. This 4 month observation has showed the first signs that the fan pages on Facebook might not be enough to advertise the brand, therefore traditional needs to also be used. Outlaw Freelancers SWOT analysis Strengths Individual networking Word of mouth communication Immediate Internet presence through social media Quality product Weaknesses Lack of name recognition Advertising only through social media Competition with established brands No guarantee of sale through social media Opportunities Rise in sales Brand expansion to wider range of products (e.g. pans, jumpers, ladies wear) Developing international presents Retail sales Threats Getting the right message across to the right target group Becoming price competitive Shifting trends 4.2 NIKE Field research: Interview with Lauren Jane McBridge who is working on Brand Communication within Northern Europe at NIKE, dealing with brand marketing through social media. Aim of the interview: In this interview researcher would like to find out the way big company like NIKE operates within the social media in comparison to a small company like Outlaw Freelancers. Lauren McBridge was contacted, who is being responsible for brand communication within Nothern Europe to find out the information the researcher was looking for. Social media at NIKE: At the NIKE headquarters in Hilversum, Brand communication department is responsible for social media in Europe, all the other parts of the world are covered in different headquarters such as United States of America and Russia. Lauren McBridge is mostly responsible for covering Northern part of Europe and countries such as: Denmark, Belgium, Sweden, Norway, Netherlands and Finland. NIKE uses few social media networks such as Twitter, Facebook and Hyves in Netherlands. The main network that is being frequently used is Facebook. Laurens main tasks include monitoring Facebook fan pages, analysing responses of the users, and overall looking at the success of different social media campaigns. The analysing process is made through graphs and responses on the fan pages, which calculate the number of visitors in the certain period, feedbacks and the highest ratings. After analysing the feedback the information is calculated and can be used in the next campaign, considering the information that have gotten the highest response. The success of the social media campaigns is also calculated through sales in stores as well as online. For example when a product is posted on a Facebook page, with a link to a web shop, NIKE is watching the response of the consumer online, as well as comparing it to the number of sales of that particular item. Taking into consideration that NIKE is a major publicly trade sportswear and the worlds leading supplier of athletic shoes and apparel, every country that NIKE is represented in needs a different approach in social media networks. Everything depends on the culture and sport events that are taking place. At NIKE there are usually one or two people who are involved in social media for each country, who update public profiles and give responses to the public when it is needed. This is relatively different approach that that of HM, where there is only one existing Facebook fan page. It contrast to NIKE here which admits on having various different fan pages, one for each country. NIKE Facebook pages can be updated quite frequently, sometimes even more then once a day, depending on the current situation with events. The content calendar is used in order to balance the posts. It is important not to be pushy or concentrating on sales as well as to keep the posts high quality, as every socia l media page carries the reputation of the global brand. Facebook users like to feel special, so the main task is to inform and generate interactions. Sometimes the response might come out negative, in which case it is important to reply in the right way, which will give the brand more credibility. A very similar method, is used by HM. It was demonstrated in the questionnaire, sent to the employee, when she was asked in question 5 about the companys reaction or response to negative comments. Her answer was as follow, If theres a need, we always do our best to respond. Facebook vs. Twitter and Hyves: The main social media website that NIKE is involved with is Facebook. It seems to be the most convenient network for the brand, with the biggest amount of users. Twitter, on the other hand, was used in the case of a big event (e.g. World Cup) which added the account a lot of followers, but did not come out as successful as Facebook. For the company the outcome is important, the attention of users, and Twitter did not show as much enthusiasm. Hyves, is the most popular social network site in the Netherlands, with mainly Dutch visitors, therefore it was essential to make a Hyves account for NIKE. Hyves is being used quite frequently and the content is different from Facebook, to keep the user interested. But then again, Facebook pages seems to draw more interest. A lot of countries all over the world have their own social networks, where they use mother tongue as the main language. The examples of those networks are Vkontakte in Russia and Mixi in Japan. Representatives of NIKE that work for social media for those countries monitoring the pages that are specially made for users of more localized networks. NIKE has few Facebook fan pages, depending on the audience they want to attract, for example male or female. The voice behind every post needs to be relating to the consumer. Therefore it is important to consider user differences in social network. Costs As much as social media can be considered a free of charge marketing, in the big companies like NIKE costs can be involved from time to time. There are special agencies that can be used to maintain Facebook fan pages, which includes clearing spam walls and any old tabs that are not used any more. It is important to include those agencies when the big events are coming up (e.g. Sponsoring Football games). Professional marketeers are able to figure out when is the best time to post certain information to get the best outcome. Most of the images that are used in the social media campaigns are sent from the global office in the United States, with the correct description. Here is the example of the new product post from NIKE Woman Facebook fan page : To summaries the post, it is clear that NIKE is trying to advertise the product, but after reading the information below the image, you become more informed where you can use the product, and relate to a sprinter like Allyson. Another marketing trick that NIKE used in this post is communication with the Facebook users. They are asking a question, and asking consumers to be creative with the ways to wear a product. By answering users feel important, and waiting curiously for the results, if their answer was the most creative one. This trick is used by a lot of companies who want to get on a more personal level with their consumers. Analysis 4.3 HM Following the interview of

Plato Essay example -- essays research papers fc

One of the questions that has faced and continues to face some of the philosophers of the world is "What is reality?" Plato addresses this question in his doctrine, the Theory of Forms. In an attempt to answer this question, he explains what the Forms are and how they affect the way the world is observed. These so-called Forms are the basis of the reality we perceive. The question one must ask him or her self is what are these forms, where do they come from, and how do they affect us as a society. "A Platonic Form (Idea) is not a thought in someone's mind but something that exists per se as an immutable part of the structure of reality."(Luce, 99) This statement is the foundation of Plato's philosophy. What he is saying is that these forms are behind the way we see the world. In other words, they control the images and ideas that are presented to us. Two examples of such forms are ideal beauty and absolute goodness. When a person makes a comment like " That is a beautiful home." What is the difference between a beautiful home and a home that is not beautiful? This illustrates the point that Plato is attempting to make about the Forms functioning as a standard by which we compare the world to. In essence, these Forms serve as a measuring stick by which we make our judgements. In regards to the Form of absolute goodness, Plato describes this one as the all- powerful form. Here Plato suggests that the other Forms derive their meaning from the Form of absolute goodness. Some of the other Forms include Equality, circularity, Health and Justice. These forms cannot be seen nor can they be felt; however, they can be apprehended by the mind after suitable preparation and training (Luce, 100). These forms exist in everything we see, in all the decisions we make and it is these Forms that we perceive when we describe something as beautiful or right or even wrong. The Theory of Forms also has two significant underlying doctrines within its contents. The first one is the distinction between opinion and knowledge. One word that Plato uses to describe opinion is flawed. He explains that opinions are always changing due to anything from outside forces or simply just one's perception. For example, the people around can alter a person's opinion or even the type of room someone is in. External pressures are the cause of the variation in opinions ... ...tself (Stump, 62). In the Theory of Forms, Plato provides us with a possible answer to some of the questions that continually plague most people. The answer to the question "What is real" may never have a definitive answer. All one can do is to use the abilities given to him and try to arrive to their own conclusion based on what he or she knows. Whether the reality most of us perceive is true or not is difficult to determine. The Theory of Forms gives us a way of analyzing reality, but like all other doctrines it stops short of precisely defining reality. This inability to conclude the argument is the very same reason why this debate will continue on for as long as we live and probably our children and their children and so on. The pursuit of truth will continue to be the driving force behind the search for the answer to the question that can explain the significance of our existence. Myla Modert Plato 11/6/00 Works Cited Stumpf, Samuel Enoch. Socrates to Sartre: A History of Philosophy. 1988, McGraw Hill Publishing New York City. PP 58-62. Luce, J.V. An Introduction to Greek Philosophy. 1992, Thames an Hudson Ltd. London. PP 99-102

Spirit and Matter, God and Chaos, or infinitude Finite Essays -- Phil

The Kingdom of Union and Joy can only be attained through the elevation and expansion of spirit which is influenced by its intricate relationship with matter. They reflect, inverse and alter one another depending on the nature of their alliance; and challenge the pervading intuition that one entertains concerning hierarchy, the superior and the inferior, rising and falling. Throughout the poem, the prophetic persona enlightens the reader on the manner to ascend to the spiritual realm via tales on base spirits, on praising and praised bodies -- thus, purveying a dynamic dramatisation of the fall. Mammon and the Son are two spiritual figures that typify the convoluted relation between matter and spirit. In their description, the persona invites the reader to compare the attitudes of these characters towards the material world and the fashion in which they apply their spirits to it. Mammon is the  «least erected Spirit that fell / From Heav’n » (1.679-80). Possessed by a boundless desire for  «The riches of Heav’ns pavement, trod’n Gold » (1.682) -- towards which his thoughts are bent -- he already manifests a vertical movement in his heavenly status as he sinks low within the highest realm of the universe. The narrator’s speech transcribes the discontinuity of Mammon’s spiritual rank through the juxtaposition of inversely connotative words such as the sequence least - erected - fell - Heav’n. Being the classical symbol of greed, he aspires to elevation by means of material abundance. Even when fallen, he persuades himself and his fellow companions of a possible good life in hell provided they exploit its treasures. From thence, directed by Mammon, the crew proceeds to violently abuse the earth who’s centre they  «Ransack » and  «with ... ... his  «Humiliation shall exalt » (3.313). The Son’s Grandeur shall ensue from his submission as the bounds established on matter shall, in due course, allow for the Kingdom of Union and Joy. While Mammon perceives obedience as a divine deception, the Son rationalises it by coupling subservient actions with gratifying results through grammatical conjunctions. Though, he first  «Lie[s] vanquisht »,  «yield[s] » to Death and  «suffer[s], he ultimately will  «rise Victorious »,  «subdue / [His] Vanquisher » and  «disarm » him. The Son portrays this outcome as inevitable by overusing conjunctions, such as though - yet - but - then; as well as by the repetitive use of  «shall », thus expressing the strength of his assertion (3. 234-65). Therefore, temperance leads to the profusion of spirituality as it mirrors creation and recognises the intimate connection between matter and spirit.

conscription Essay example -- essays research papers fc

Non-essential Conscription   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the war on terrorism continues more troops in Iraq and Afghanistan are dying every month. The government is struggling to organize the number of soldiers maintaining the opposition in both Afghanistan and Iraq which brings up a popular topic-conscription (mandatory military enlistment). Senator Charles Rangel of New York was the one that introduced the call for the military draft upon the Senate. The draft was revoked and still hasn’t been in affect since the Vietnam War over thirty years ago. Reinstitution of conscription would not help this country right now, it will just make matters worse. It is not necessary to permit a draft in the United States because our advanced voluntary military should be able to control the defense of our country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If years from now we are still fighting in operation Iraqi freedom and record numbers of troops are dropping, then congress should start to propose a draft, not now. They probably are pre-warning us right now yet won’t actually pass this mandate until next year or months from today. Who knows, the government can construct a draft tomorrow if they feel that it’s necessary.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A meeting between democrats and republicans took place in January this year regarding conscription. They basically discussed how and when this will take action. â€Å"The middle class and lower middle class should not be forced to bear the burden of fighting and dying if, in fact, this is a generational war.† (Senator Chuck Hagel-Republican from Nebraska) He and many other senators made it clear to the press that if there was a draft, then the majority of the upper middle class and upper class would be targeted to fight for our country. I agree simply because during the Vietnam War, many children of the higher social layers of society found any possible way to avoid the draft.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Our military defense has the most advanced weapons and protection system in the world. Ever since Bush took place in office, our taxes were contributing towards the expenses of the military. After watching the Department of Defense spend billions of dollars on military needs these last past four years, I wonder why they have to bring up this non-essential topic. This budget that Clinton actually proposed was $277.5 billion for the Sec... ...r paying rent and was in the best shape of my life. It wasn’t that bad, also when I was deployed to Iraq I saved a lot of money and came back to the States feeling and living great. The reason why I got out is because I wanted to go to school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Every person in the U.S. between the ages of 18-26 should be aware of this situation that can possibly happen. They should all have the right to be heard and share their opinions with the rest of the country instead of just the Pentagon, Senate, Legislatures and Politicians. They aren’t the ones who are going to be forced to fight, we are, and we as the young people of society are the easiest intentions. From my knowledge and what I’ve seen while I was in the Army I can say that our armed forces are fine over in Iraq. We don’t need to draft more troops for the war in Iraq. While conscription will ruin our country, another country will be benefited doesn’t make sense. Works Cited http://grassley.senate.gov/won/2003/won02-01-10.htm http://www.defenselink.mil/news/Feb2000/b02072000_bt045-00.html http://www.wsws.org/articles/2004/apr2004/draf-a22.shtml   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Pestel on Winchester Theatre

PESTEL Political- The theatre is subsidized by the public purse in the form of local authorities and the arts council (Arts council, 2010). However, funding is under continual pressure after cuts made to the arts budget by the coalition government (Mintel, 2012). This has been evident since 2008 where the arts council of England stopped funding of the theatre meaning it is only supported by Winchester City Council, Hampshire city council, sponsors and friends of Theatre Royal Winchester (Burn, 2008), for example, sponsorship from the Hampshire Chronicle and wave FM (Theatre Royal Winchester, 2012).This could have an impact on the Theatre industry as it may mean they are forced to take a more commercial approach and lead to increased prices to ensure that they stay afloat. A recent 2012 survey on local authority arts spending by Arts Development UK has revealed there is a decline in partnership work between Arts Councils and local authorities. Also, 47 local authority arts services ha ve closed since 2003 and average expenditure on the arts is 16% down on 2010 and 38% down since  2008 and 15% of local authorities in England and Wales have lost their arts services since  2000.The outlook is also looking bleak as Chief Cultural and Leisure Officers Association reveals a planned 15% cut to arts services for  2012-13. The local Government Association is warning that unless central government policy changes, local funding for arts in England and Wales will have practically disappeared by  2020. The distribution of Arts Council funding across the English regions reveals a considerable imbalance: London gets over 50%, Midlands 12% and South East only 4% (2010-11 figures) (Gillet, 2013).Economical Due to the UK market slipping back into recession, this continues to restrain consumer spending and the performing arts as a whole are not immune from this common trend as the spending power of customers is hindered. It is also evident that household incomes have been r estricted by high inflation and static earnings further hindering spending power and consumer confidence (Mintel, 2012), meaning that consumers have less disposable income to spend on items such as the theatre.However, because of this trends in recent years have seen a fall in holiday trips taken abroad and therefore seen an increase in domestic holidays and theatre breaks are a popular form of weekend break and tourists spend is an important source of revenue for the theatre business (Mintel, 2012) as the west end enjoyed record box sales in 2011 for the 8th consecutive year (BBC, 2011). SocialThe theatre is seen to be most popular with those ranging from 35-55+ who account for 66% of theatre attendees showing that they are an ageing demographic with a strong female bias (Mirror, 2012) suggesting that the theatre is struggling to attract younger audience members as it may not be seen as attractive too them. Danny Boyle was quoted saying â€Å"†Theatre sustains local communit ies and does very positive things for local economies. But it also gives a sense of belonging† (Youngs, 2012) and are therefore hugely important part of the UK and British culture. TechnologicalNew technology is having a huge affect on the theatre industry. The ownership of mobile devices such as smartphones and Tablets are playing there role in this age of technology, as is the quality of TV’s, HD, 3D and the content that you can see within your own home that is most threatening to the theatre industry (Mintel, 2012). Technology is also being used in the form of multiple camera angles and high-definition technology, allowing Digital Theatre (2013) to bring the drama and emotion of each production to a global online audience to those who otherwise would not have seen the performance.Environmental- Environmental issues for the theatre can take several shapes and forms. For example they can include things such as energy bills and sets being scrapped at the end of performa nces especially for smaller theatres, as they cannot afford the storage. Bus miles generated by companies on tour and the audiences travelling into town are also factors that can be linked in with the theatre. There is also paper for the flyers, posters, programs and scripts that may be wasted and demands on power from theatre foyers, bars and offices, as well as the many exit signs that, by law, must be lit round he clock (Fisher, 2007) all add up and can prove costly for the theatre. There are several licenses that a business such as a theatre need to adhere to and these are monitored by bodies such as the Environmental Agency (2013) who aim to â€Å"protect and improve the environment, and to promote sustainable development. † Legal- Health and safety law applies to theatres as it does to other businesses. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and related legislation places duties on employers, employees, the self-employed and those in control of premises.The responsibili ties include things such as working at height and manual handling as these are the two areas where most accidents/injuries occur (HSE, 2013) The Winchester theatre also holds 14 licenses ranging from food to alcohol licensing which must be handled with care responsibility. There are also important contracts between the theatre itself and the touring company’s/performers that must not be breached (Courtice, 2013). Reference List BBC, (2011) West end ticket sales hit ? 528 Million in 2011. Available at: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/entertainment-arts-16795432 [Accessed 01/03/2013] Courtice, Mark (2013).Lecture at Oxford Brookes University. 19/03/2013 Digital Theatre, (2013). Available at: http://www. digitaltheatre. com [Accessed 01/03/2013] Fisher, M. (2007). The Guardian. Alas, Poor Planet. Available at: http://www. guardian. co. uk/environment/2007/feb/07/energy. theatre [Accessed 01/03/2013] Gillet, John. (2013). Local Authority Cutbacks: A report on Theatres 18/01/2013. Av ailable at: http://www. lost-arts. org/local-authority-cutbacks-theatres/ [Accessed 06/03/2013] Environmental Agency (2013). About us. Available at: http://www. environment-agency. gov. uk/aboutus/default. spx [Accessed 03/03/2013] HSE. (2013). Theatre. Available at: http://www. hse. gov. uk/entertainment/theatre-tv/theatre. htm [Accessed 03/03/2013] Mintel (2012) Performing arts UK, July 2012. Mirror, (2012) Theatre Goers Available at: http://audiences. visualdna. com/mirror/audience/entertainment/theatre_goers [Accessed 01/03/2012] Theatre Royal Winchester, (2012). Available at: http://www. theatre-royal-winchester. co. uk [Accessed 01/03/2013] Young’s, I. (15th Nov 2012) â€Å"Danny Boyle voices regional theatre fears†. Available at http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/entertainment-arts-20338771 [Accessed 03/03/2013]