Software-generated information to make decision in an oganisation Essay

Software-generated information to make decision in an oganisation - Essay Example Activity Immediate Predecessor Time (Days) Earliest Start time Earliest Finish time Latest Start Time Latest Finish Time Slack 01 None 1 0 1 0 1 0 02 01 11 01 12 1 12 0 03 01 14 12 26 38 52 26 04 03 5 26 31 52 57 26 05 02 23 12 35 29 52 17 06 05 5 35 40 52 57 17 07 02 20 12 32 37 57 25 08 02 30 12 42 12 42 0 09 08 15 42 57 42 57 0 10 08 2 42 44 50 52 8 11 02 33 12 45 14 47 2 12 11 10 45 55 47 57 2 13 10 4 44 48 52 56 8 14 13,10 1 48 49 56 57 8 15 06,07,09,14 1 57 58 57 58 0 Answer A The normal time for completing the project is expected to be 58 days. For the project to be completed on 30th November 2013 having commenced on 1st October 2013, it calls for crashing the time because the period of completion is shorter than the predicted time in the activity plan. Activities to be crashed must have the minimum cost implication for the process and usually they are those in the critical path. It is worth to note that, the Microsoft project considers work only done for five days of the week thus the time span for the project adds up to forty-five days. The Gantt chart that would be realized from the above information is as indicated in the MS Project. (See attached file) Answer B The network diagram of the project information in the above tables as follows Answer C The critical path refers to a sequence of activities in a project that form the longest chain in terms of their completion time. The set of these activities in a project network are determined by calculating the slack. Where by the slack is obtained by subtracting the earliest start time and activity duration from latest finish time. The critical path is realized in those activities whose slack is equal to zero. From the above table, the activities with a zero slack are 01, 02, 08, 09, and 15. Thus, the critical path can be concluded to be 01 – 02 – 08 – 09-15. Answer D The project duration is determined by adding up the time durations of all the activities in the critical path of the p roject network. In the above project network, the critical path was determined above and realized to be 01 – 02 – 08 – 09 - 15. To determine the least time duration would be (1 + 11 + 30 + 15 + 1) = 58 days. Answer to Task 2 Year Cash inflows Discounting factor (10%) Discounted cash inflow Cash inflows (C) Discounting factor (15%) Discounted cash inflow (Ci) 1 2500 0.9091 2272.73 2500 0.8696 2173.91 2 2750 0.8264 2272.73 2750 0.7561 2079.40 3 3025 0.7513 2272.73 3025 0.6575 1988.99 4 3327.5 0.6830 2272.73 3327.5 0.5718 1902.51 5 3660.25 0.6209 2272.73 3660.25 0.4972 1819.79 Total 11363.63 9964.60 Net Present Value (NPV) is a measure used for evaluating the value of a business by determining the present value of such investment by adding up all the discounted cash inflows received within the given period of the investment. The formula for discounting by the NVP method Where C0= Cash outflow also known as Initial Investment Ci = Cash flows for the given years r = Discount rate T = Time Where r = the discount rate, and T = time NVP the rate is at 10% NVP = 198.43 NVP when the rate is at 15% NVP = 46.19533 This method is used to determine the profitability and suitability of a project before commencing a plan to undertake the investment. A project with a positive NPV is said to be favorable, whereas one with a negative NPV is regarded as unfavorable and thus investor would be discouraged to undertake that project. Report Summery Project management

Project management maturity model Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Project management maturity model - Assignment Example Project management principles that need application and support are included in this level. These principles are related to methodologies applied by the company. III. Level 3 Singular Methodology: A company is in a position to integrate all corporate methodologies into one with a focus on project management. These effects termed as synergistic effects simplifies process control in combination with single methodology rather than multiple methodologies. IV. Level 4 Benchmarking: at this level, competitive advantage is enjoyed by a company. Process improvement is the focus of management so that the company maintains this advantage. This level is performed regularly and continuously. Decisions made at this level look at whom and what to benchmark. V. Level 5 Continuous improvement: all information from benchmarking are important for success in project management. This information is used in benchmarking followed by a decision whether the information will empower singular methodology. The se levels of maturity are not only accomplished by companies’ in a consequential manner but may overlap in one manner or the other (Kerzner 2001, pp.41-44). Ferris HealthCare, Inc. ... The need for project managers in career path position with a structure to accommodate project management was seen a priority in making the organization prosper. A project management training program was conducted by a consultant in the organization. One twelfth of the organization’s employees participated in the training program. The fifty trained officials held several meetings in the next two months to set out models to use for the firm. Finally, three stage gates were identified although dictated by personal interests. The models were information systems, new products portfolio and corporate clients. The models developed had several similarities since they had rigid policies and procedures. After a year of implementation of the models, a problem in decision making about the right project manager for a specific project emerged. Project managers were obliged to understand the three models. The only option available was assigning project managers who understood particular meth odology. Later, the company consolidated the methodologies into one, with a focus on guidelines rather than policies and procedures. The new model received support from most employees. The company organized another training session for untrained employees on project management with a focus on the new method. Unfortunately, there was no success in future projects. Questions a. What difficulty did the management face to initiate one methodology from the start? b. Why did the three methods based on policies and procedures? c. Why do you think the company was forced to seek for single methodology? d. Why did the company decide that the methodology rely on guidelines rather than policies

Method for Measuring the Area of Radiometric Apertures

Method for Measuring the Area of Radiometric Apertures ERREIRA DA   Method for measuring the area of radiometric apertures using the ratio of Gaussian beams I propose and demonstrate a method for determining the area of radiometric apertures using the power ratio between Gaussian beams. The result relies on measuring the power of an optical beam of known radius with and without the radiometric aperture. The impact of the characterization of the laser beam and of the radiometric measurements on the area estimation is discussed and a 3-mm in-diameter sample is measured for validation. The contactless method is fast and simple and results in a relative uncertainty of 0.12%.   Calibration of the area of an aperture is necessary for radiometric and photometric measurements, including spectral irradiance [1- 4] and the realization of the SI unit candela [5-7]. The plethora of methods reported in literature can be assorted whether they are contact or contactless. Contact methods include probing the aperture border with an stylus, which position is mapped by an interferometric system [8]. Contactless methods are preferable as the possibility of damaging the sharp edge of the aperture during the measurement is avoided. A camera with an objective lens can be used for taking digital pictures of parts of the inner perimeter of the aperture, while an interferometric system is used for measuring the displacement of the images, allowing them to be further stithed together [9]. Another approach consists in raster scanning the aperture relative to a laser focused in a small spot in the aperture plane to determine the diameter at some radial angles [10]. Methods based on radiometric ratios have also been reported and depend on comparing measurements performed with a light overfilled aperture and a reference value. A spatially-uniform beam emerging from an integrating sphere can be used to compare the radiometric values obtained with the aperture under calibration and with the reference one [11]. Similarly a matrix of small-spot laser sources can be used [12, 13], with the reference provided by the known uniform irradiance distribution. In this paper I propose a method for determining the area of a radiometric aperture using the ratio between Gaussian laser beams. The result is obtained from measurements of the optical power transmitted through the overfilled aperture compared to the total optical power without the aperture, with the beam radius at the aperture plane previously characterized. The technique is contactless and the measurement is relatively fast, providing an alternative way for measuring radiometric apertures. A. Model The method proposed for determining the area of the aperture is based on measuring the radiometric ratio between the beam limited by the aperture and the full beam. Consider a Gaussian beam propagating along the zˆ  axis with an intensity distribution in the radial direction à Ã‚  on the transversal plane described as I (1) where the beam radius à Ã¢â‚¬ ° (z) is [14] (2) and the waist radius is à Ã¢â‚¬ °0 = à Ã¢â‚¬ ° (0). The beam radii in the analysis are taken at 1/e2 of the maximum intensity. The total optical power of the beam is obtained by integrating its intensity over the transversal area as   Ã‚   Ptotal /2(3) The circular radiometric aperture is modelled as a Boxcar function with mean radius r à Ã¢â‚¬ ° (z) and transmittance given by g (x, y) = rect(4) Positioning the aperture in the plane orthogonal to the beam axis at à Ã‚ =0 reduces the measured optical power in eq. (3) to Z r Pap (z) =I (à Ã‚ , z) 2à Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ Ã‚ dà Ã‚ (5) 0 The ratio between the optical power limited by the aperture at position z and the total optical power of the beam is thus [14] (z)2r2 R(6) The radius of the aperture is obtained by inverting eq. (6), resulting in r (7) Equation (7) reveals the dependence of the aperture radius on the beam radius à Ã¢â‚¬ ° and radiometric ratio R measured at a given axial position. The sensitivity coefficients of the radius equation relative to those components are 2(8) (z) The uncertainty of the measured area is composed [15] as ur (9) The area of the radiometric aperture is then trivially obtained from the circle formula, S = à Ã¢â€š ¬r2, with uncertainty given by uS = 2à Ã¢â€š ¬rur. B. Method The first step of the method is the determination of the longitudinal profile of the Gaussian beam. This can be accomplished in practice by using the knife-edge scanning method [16] or using a spatially-resolving photodetector (for example, a CMOS or CCD camera). While the later can be troubling for beams wider than the sensitive area of the camera, the primer requires caution relative to radial asymmetries in the beam profile. The astigmatism of the beam must be verified by knife-edge scanning along orthogonal directions in the transversal plane and the mean radius is considered. The beam longitudinal profile reveals important information about the tolerance of the axial positioning of the aperture relative to the transversal plane where the beam is determined. Next step consists on positioning the aperture in the beam path. Carefully placing the aperture front plane at the axial position where the beam has been characterized avoids the need for a correction on the beam radius value. The aperture under measurement must then be centralized relative to the beam axis. A recursive gradient search can be performed along the plane axes until convergence at the maximum optical power, where à Ã‚ Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ 0. The value of the optical power measured with the aperture is compared to the total optical power measured without it. This ratio and the mean beam radius are substituted in eq. (7) and the aperture radius is determined. Research Article Applied Optics 2 A laser diode with continuous-wave emission at 633 nm is collected with an objective lens into a meter-long single-mode optical fiber (Thorlabs SM600 [17]), which acts as a spatial filter by selecting the LP01 transversal mode. The beam is launched into free-space through the tip of an FC-PC connector and collimated using an 1-large AR-coated plano-convex lens (L2) with a focal length of 38.2 mm, as illustrated in Fig. 1. A similar lens (L3) with 150-mm long focal length focuses the beam into the photo-detector. Fig. 1. Experimental setup. LD: laser diode; L: plano-convex lens; C: fiber connector; PD: photo-detector; PC: personal computer. The beam profile is determined using the knife-edge method. A pair of razor blades is scanned in the plane orthogonal to the optical beam in both xˆ  (horizontal) and yˆ  (vertical) directions, using a pair of linear actuators (Newport TRA25PPD and CMA25PP). The optical power is measured by an optical power meter with a diffuser probe (Thorlabs PM100). Data acquisition and transversal positioning of the knives and aperture are performed with a personal computer. Flip mounts allow for selecting either the knives or the aperture, which are placed in the same xˆ  à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ yˆ  translation stage. The translation stages, the lens L3 and the photo-detector are fixed into a platform and move together to the desired position in axial direction zˆ . The aperture under characterization has nominal diameter of 3 mm and is built in anodized aluminium with sharp edges. The offset distance between the planes of the knives and the aperture is set within 0.05 mm using a multi-probe optical reflectometer [18]. An automated routine is used to position the aperture in the transversal plane relative to the optical beam by scanning it along xˆ  and yˆ  directions until it is centralized. The radiometric ratio is obtained by removing and reinserting the aperture using the flip mount while the power is measured using a silicon photodiode (Hamamatsu S1227-1010BQ) in photovoltaic mode. Calibrated trans-impedance amplifier (LabKinetics Vinculum) and digital voltmeter (Agilent 34401A) are used. Conditioning the signals for using a single range of these devices avoids linearity issues. The detector typical linearity is better than 10à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢5 [19]. A. Beam width The width of the Gaussian beam is determined at different positions along the axial direction in both horizontal and vertical axes. Figure 2 shows a sample of the transversal beam profile Fig. 2. Sample of the transversal intensity profile of the beam. The slices in the details cross the center and are Gaussian fit. The longitudinal profile of the beam is evaluated by applying the knife-edge analysis at different axial positions. The optical power measured as a function of the knife position in xˆ  direction is modelled as the integral of the Gaussian intensity, resulting in the error function: P (10) Equation (10) indicates that the measured power profile reveals the horizontal beam radius à Ã¢â‚¬ °x (z). The procedure performed along the yˆ  direction returns a similar result as a function of the vertical beam radius à Ã¢â‚¬ °y (z). Figures 3a and 3b show the power measured with the knifeedge method along both xˆ  and yˆ  directions, respectively. A group of 10 scans, with 0.25-mm steps, is taken at a given axial position. Data is interpolated to steps of 0.1 mm using piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomials [20]. Non-linear curve fit (Levemberg-Marquadt method) is globally applied to data with the beam radius parameter shared by all curves in the group. The beam radius values as a function of the axial distance to the collimating lens are shown in Fig. 3c. Observe that the beam profile behaves linearly at the sampled axial positions. Fitting data with eq. (2) reveals the horizontal and vertical waists localized at about 3.3 m and 3.7 m, respectively. The slope of 10à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢4 indicates that a positioning error between the knives and the aperture of 0.05 mm has negligible impact on estimated radius. The beam is slightly astigmatic (horizontal radius about 1% greater than the vertical one), so the average radius is computed from both horizontal and vertical radii as /2(11) B. Radiometric ratio The radiometric ratio is determined from five groups of measurement of the total beam power, alternated with four measurements of the power limited by the aperture. Interleaved measurements allows for data interpolation and avoids slow drift effects. Each measurement is composed by a group of 30 data points, corrected by the dark measurement. Three measurement were performed at each axial position. The calibration data of the trans-impedance amplifier and voltmeter are used for correction and considered in the uncertainty budget see next section. The average ratio of 0.3373 allows for performing both measurements (with and without the aperture) in the same scale of the amplifier and voltmeter. Keeping the measurement range of the equipment fixed avoids linearity issues, which must otherwise be corrected and could burden on the uncertainty budged. C. Aperture radius/area and uncertainty budget The aperture radius is computed from the measured values of à Ã¢â‚¬ ° (z) and R (z) using eq. (7). The result obtained at three different axial distances from the collimating lens are presented in Fig. 4a. The uncertainty budget for the radius measurement is presented in Table 1. The uncertainty of the beam width and power ratio are combined with the reproducibility of the measurement. The radius measurement is obtained from the global fit of the knife-edge scan measurements. The impact of the beam divergence is obtained by multiplying this value by the maximum axial offset between the knife-edge and the aperture plane. The beam width uncertainty is dominant over all other components. Improvements over this estimation would greatly benefit the final uncertainty. The repeatability comes from the statistics of the ratio measurements. Stability of the laser source is the major component and could be iproved using a further power stabilization closedloop. The amplifier and voltmeter uncertainties are obtained Fig. 4. Experimental results: (a) aperture radius measurements and (b) its final area. The reference values are certified results. Standard uncertainties represent k=1. Table 1. Uncertainty budget for the measurement of the aperture radius (relative values). Component Type Uncertainty (k=1) Radius measurements B 5.3 ÃÆ'- 10à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢4 Beam divergence [mm] B 2.3 ÃÆ'- 10à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢5 Trans-impedance amplifier B 6.3 ÃÆ'- 10à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢5 Voltmeter B 5.5 ÃÆ'- 10à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢5 Photodiode linearity B 6.2 ÃÆ'- 10à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢6 Power ratio 0.00017 Reproducibility [mm] A 0.00027 Aperture radius [mm] 0.00062 from their calibration uncertainty and from the linear regression over the measurement range. The photo-diode linearity is taken from literature. The reproducibility is taken from the independent repetitions. Among other factors, it accounts for small room temperature variation (oC), different axial positions, and repositioning of the aperture center relative to the beam axis. The final relative uncertainty obtained for the measurement of area is 0.12%. The validation of the method is assessed by comparing the results to a certified value, as shown in Table 2. The certificates present a relative uncertainty (k=1) of 0.0065 mm2 for the area value and a calibration drift (rectangular distribution) between bi-annual measurements of 0.0410 mm2 is observed, composing a combined uncertainty of 0.415 mm2. Research Article Applied Optics 4 Table 2. Experimental results and validation (k=1). Measured area Certified Relative Normalized [mm2] area [mm2] difference [%] error 7.0056  ± 0.0087 6.998  ± 0.042 0.11 0.18 The relative error between the measured and certificated values is 0.11%, while the normalized error [15] is below unit, indicating the compatibility of the results. The coverage factor of the measurements, calculated for a confidence interval of 95.45%, is k=2. The area of an aperture impacts directly on the determination of some radiometric and photometric quantities. This paper presents a simple and fast contactless method for characterizing an aperture area through the measurement of radiometric ratio of characterized Gaussian beams. The model is presented and the measurement uncertainty budget is discussed. The results are validated and indicate the method as suitable for metrology applications. References       M. White, N. P. Fox, V. E. Ralph, and N. J. Harrison, The characterization of a high-temperature black body as the basis for the NPL spectralirradiance scale, Metrologia 32, 431-434 (1995/96). P. Sperfeld, K.-H. Raatz, B. Nawo, W. Mà ¶ller, and J. Metzdorf, Spectralirradiance scale based on radiometric black-body temperature measurements, Metrologia 32, 435-439 (1995/96). P. Kà ¤rhà ¤, P. Toivanen, F. Manoochehri, and E. Ikonen, Development of a detector-based absolute spectral irradiance scale in the 380-900-nm spectral range, App. Opt. 36, 8909-8918 (1997). H. W. Yoon, C. E. Gibson, and P. Y. Barnes, Realization of the National Institute of Standards and Technology detector-based spectral irradiance scale, App. Opt. 41, 5879-5890 (2002). L. P. Boivin, A. A. Gaertner, and D. S. Gignac, Realization of the New Candela (1979) at NRC, Metrologia 24, 139-152 (1987). T. M. Goodman and P. J. Key, The NPL Radiometric Realization of the Candela, Metrologia 25, 29-40 (1988). E. Ikonen, P. Kà ¤rhà ¤, A. Lassila, F. Manoochehri, H. Fagerlund and L. Liedquist, Radiometric realization of the candela with a trap detector, Metrologia 32, 689-692 (1995/96). J. E. Martin, N. P. Fox, N. J. Harrison, B. Shipp, and M. Anklin, Determination and comparisons of aperture areas using geometric and radiometric techniques, Metrologia 35, 461-464 (1998). J. Fowler and M. Litorja, Geometric area measurements of circular apertures for radiometry at NIST, Metrologia 40, S9-S12 (2003). J. Fischer and M. Stock, A non-contact measurement of radiometric apertures with an optical microtopography sensor, Meas. Sci. Technol. 3, 693698 (1992). V. E. Anderson, N. P. Fox, and D. H. Nettleton, Highly stable, monochromatic and tunable optical radiation source and its application to high accuracy spectrophotometry, App. Opt. 31, 536-545 (1992). A. Lassila, P. Toivanen and E. Ikonen, An optical method for direct determination of the radiometric aperture area at high accuracy, Meas. Sci. Technol. 8, 973977 (1997). E. Ikonen, P. Toivanen and A. Lassila, A new optical method for high-accuracy determination of aperture area, Metrologia 35, 369-372 (1998). B. E. A. Saleh and M. C. Teich, Fundamentals of photonics, 2nd ed., 2007. JCGM 100:2008, Evaluation of measurement data Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement, 1st ed., 2010. M. A. C. Araà ºjo, R. Silva, E. Lima, D. P. Pereira, and P. C. de Oliveira, Measurement of Gaussian laser beam radius using the knife-edge technique: improvement on data analysis, App. Opt. 48, 393-396 (2009). Some equipment and components are cited for the sake of clarity and this does not mean endorsement or recommendation. T. Ferreira da Silva, Multi-probe remote differential optical lowcoherence reflectometer, Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 58, 2606-2609 (2016). A. Haapalinna, T. Kà ¼barsepp, P. Kà ¤rhà ¤, and E. Ikonen, Measurement of the absolute linearity of photodetectors with a diode laser, Meas. Sci. Technol. 10, 1075-1078 (1999). https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/pchip.html (accessed in 10/24/2016).

Don Bosco :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John was born in 1815 in Recchi, Italy. When John was two, his father died prematurely. As a boy, John lived on a farm with his family doing the only thing they knew how, farming. Poverty and a lack of formal education in the home did not stop the growth of John Bosco as a person. His mother was for real, realizing the importance of God in life (http://www.sfn.saskatoon.sk.ca/rel/cath- boscocamp/about.html).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Getting a formal education was a constant struggle for John. The family finances being what they were, his brothers felt that he was wasting time, energy, and money and that it would be better for all if he stopped going to school and worked on the farm, earning money (http://www.sfn.saskatoon.sk.ca/rel/cath- boscocamp/about.html).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At age nine John had a dream in which he saw himself changing children from beasts into lambs. He decided immediately to become a priest and devote his life to children, and began at once. He haunted every circus and fair; learned to walk tight-ropes, do acrobatics, and become a conjurer at the cost of an often broken nose (http://users.erols.com/saintpat/ss/0131.htm#john). He must have understood physical fitness for as a youngster he was known and respected as the town's acrobat and juggler. Many would assemble to witness his tricks. He was then able to provide fascinating entertainment that would end with the rosary and a verbatim repetition of the previous Sunday's sermon. What was amazing is the fact that before any performance he would ask his audience to join him in prayer. God was his friend This friendship with God became powerful and slowly John prepared for the priesthood (http://www.sfn.saskatoon.sk.ca/rel/cath- boscocamp/about.html).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1841 at the age of 26, John was ordained priest. He was now ready to make his contribution toward the poor and homeless (http://www.sfn.saskatoon.sk.ca/rel/cath-boscocamp/about.html).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While in Turin, the rejects of society appealed to him. His awareness of what could be in them motivated him to commit his work and style of living to the building of people. His life is unbelievable as his burning love brought him to hospitals and prisons, to the troubled and the dying. His ministry forced him to beg for jobs for the boys he was helping, visited private homes, taught night classes, heard confessions, and celebrated the Eucharist. His life was deeply questioned by his confreres. He was deeply disturbing the establishment and efforts were made by the authorities to have him committed to a mental asylum.

The Sole Remaining Supplier

Although the liability of a malfunctioned transistor is on he manufacturer, Justifying the manufacturer's acts of deception would be utilitarianism because of Its moral reasoning. In this paper, I shall discuss the general utilitarian issues of the case. In addition, I will apply the different steps of the utility Test and I shall apply this comparative approach to the study of the Common-Good Test.Although my judgments are implicitly concerned with generalizing the ethical issues of the case, I shall criticize the utilitarianism; the view that the best decision is the one that maximizes the expected utility over those who are affected Baron 1990). In addition, the paper shall inform as well as to which approach, the utility Test, or the Common-Good Test best evaluates the case. Introduction utilitarianism is foreseen as unjust because it leads to conclusions that permit those who are fortunate to hurt people with less fortunate situations.For example, in The Case of the Sole Remaini ng Supplier, if the company decides to continue it sells of transistors without the proper engineering testing It is benefiting financially at the cost of the pacemaker patients and their families who rely on such technology for survival. If utilitarianism Is the normative theory. Hen my Judgments correct or not could fail to bring sense to any present or future consequence.However, this sort of knowledge will allow the reader to understand the situation of the case. Utilitarian Issues There were many ethical issues involving the selling of transistor supplies to the pacemaker company. If the company continues to supply the transistors then It Is possible that It could suffer a future financial loss. If a lawsuit were to occur, the company would not only lose financial profits but also its shareholders and employees would suffer from the consequence as well.By stopping the selling of the transistors to the pacemaker company, it would put them out of business; however, the supplier n eeds to evaluate the number of deaths that have occurred because of the different malfunctions of the transistors. On contrast, if the company remains as the sole supplier of the units and decides to stop Its manufacturing, heart patients In need of a pacemaker would die.In addition, the pacemaker technology would be put at a halt and improvements would never be found; therefore, future heart pacemaker patients would not benefit from any innovative breakthroughs. Utility Test The consequences of a heart patient dying because of the selling of a transistor are high according to the case; however, based on Thomas Shanks, (1996) heart patients In need of a pacemaker Implant for survival can be saved only by supplying the transistors but the company that manufactures the transistors are concerned saved.Although the pacemaker technology was in its infancy, malfunctions continued to be of concern to the manufacturers because of the legal actions that could occur; therefore, the utilitaria n question would be determined on the following question: How many deaths will occur because of the malfunctions with the transistors? The answer could be that in cases such as, The Case of the Sole Remaining Supplier the patient in need of an implant, the supplier, the manufacturer, and the stakeholder should sacrifice the chances of a malfunction although all of the patients involved have a right not to sacrifice in any way.However, a right is a social rule that saves people certain worries and protective behavior. If a heart patient in need of an implant is sacrificed, all human beings would have to take precautions against companies such as this one for the benefit of there. In addition, all individuals regardless of medical reasons would worry about situations like this because at the end, implanting a pacemaker at their risk for the benefit of others would worry everyone. For this principle, the sacrifice may not be Justified in utilitarian terms.Outcomes or Utility Rights can always be outweighed; therefore, rights are never absolute. An individual's Judgments are prone to error. We suspect of those who take a situation upon themselves to violate someone else's rights for their own good or someone else's good. Rights are worth enforcing because they serve as a utilitarian purpose. In a utilitarian analysis, practices put forward as rights might not be Justifiable in terms of their consequences because they are for their own goal achievement rather than for everyone.In short terms, heart patients in need of a pacemaker would not be the only ones suffering from such consequences because all individuals have equal standing rights as a person regardless of medical reasons or not. Applying the Utility Test Making the correct decision to produce the best outcome for everyone requires a revision of the current engineering testing. The following considerations will examine the company's goods while minimizing the harm to heart patients. Without the manufacturer of the transistors, the company will go out of business, the employees lose their Jobs, and shareholders lose their money. The supplier company runs the risk of legal action, which would result in the possible employee layoffs and shareholders experience a potential financial loss. Pacemaker patients face death because manufacturer would stop selling transistors for the creation of pacemakers. However, if the transistors continue to be manufactured pacemaker patients continue to face a possible death because of malfunctions. 0 Future icemaker patients although not the primary stakeholders, could benefit from the implants because of the ongoing advances and improvements that the company does to improve their units.The following possible options could be taken into consideration by the supply company. 0 Stop selling transistors to the buying company. Although the supplier losses profit earned from the sales of the transistors, it would avoid any future legal actions and avoid Jeopard izing the company. In addition, the rights of the supplier's employees and stakeholders would be preserved. Employees will continue to have a Job and earn a living, which it would to be possible if layoffs occurred after the financial lawsuits. On contrast, the company in business and earning profits. Future patients could benefit from new and improved pacemaker technology. It also preserves the right of their employees and shareholders to continue earning a living and making profit. It also preserves the rights of the patients by providing a choice. The patient will make the decision of risking a malfunction without someone else's decision. Drawing a Conclusion The ethical decision would be to continue to supply the transistors in order for the majority of people to benefit.If the manufacturing company stopped producing the pacemakers, the patient's basic right would be lost; therefore, their freedom to life would be lost as well. An individual's should outweigh any financial gain or loss too company and although the pacemaker technology was a new innovative alternative, consideration should be given to how it would make a difference in the future. Employees would keep their right to earn a living, while the company's shareholders keep the right to increase their wealth. This decision is the only possible way that would serve the majority of the people.Common Good Test As the Pacemaker technology was serving as the common good, by protecting people's rights to a new and promising medical technology, the supplier of the transistors and the manufacturing company compared the penalty Judgments in question. They would make safer product vs.. The question of not making the product. For example, the company knew that the transistors malfunctioned but was reconsidering the selling of the product because they were concerned with the possible legal actions. If the company stopped selling the transistors, it would avoid any legal action.On contrast, society depends on new medical technologies; therefore, if they kept the possible malfunctions as a secret it would avoid any future effects. The two facts mean that the consequences of selling the transistors would justify the means because by selling the units an action is right if it creates the best outcome. However, this stipulation rules out any effects because if patients accepted an implant knowing of such malfunctions rather than denying the malfunctions the company is acting honest and its fulfilling its contractual obligation at the same time. Which ApproachThe Utility Test is the most informative method compared to the Common Good Test because it allows people to determine if the transistors design is defective; therefore, it makes the manufacturer liable for any injuries that their product causes. Conclusion Utilitarianism allows a company or an individual evaluate their decisions through a set of practical guidelines (Baron, 1985). In this paper, I have summarized the utilitarian approac h to the common good test and I have described several suggestions in which an individual's intuition often contradicts the utilitarian theory.People seem to think that penalties are inherently deserved and that they should be applied even when there is deterrence. In addition, it is believed that compensation should be greater when people get harmed by nature. In contrast to utilitarian, people are reluctant in harming people Just to help another person, and they become reluctant to initiate reforms when the benefits are unequally distributed although People differ in each case but according to the findings of Larkin, Anisette, & Morgan (1990), those who follow utilitarian are no different from those who do not follow utilitarian.

Critical Analysis: Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay

In this love story written by Zora Neale Hurston, we find out that the main character, Janie saw her life as a great tree filled with many trials and tribulations. â€Å"Their eyes were watching God† was written from a woman’s point of view to tell the story of a woman desperately searching for true love and fulfilment. Janie Crawford grew up with her grandmother who forced her to marry at the age of seventeen to ensure a better life for herself. Logan Killicks was an established potato farmer and he was more than twice Janie’s age. He used her for slavery but Janie refused to accept this lifestyle. See more: how to write a critical analysis essay step by step One day she met a tall handsome man name Joe Starks and ran off with him to Florida. There he established and became the mayor of a small town called Eatonville. This relationship was one of possession and power and Janie was denied any interaction with others in the town. Janie was his trophy wife; she was only allowed to work in their store until Joe became sick and died. Janie then met and fell in love with a young man called Tea Cake. He loved her and took her on picnics, hunting, fishing and dancing. Both, Tea Cake and Janie worked together on the â€Å"muck†, on a field picking crops. On a tragic trip to the Everglades, a hurricane came and Tea Cake was bitten by a wild dog while trying to save Janie and contracted rabies. In his last few months, Tea Cake began to lose his mind and tried to kill Janie so she was forced to take his life. No one could replace Tea Cake, so after his death Janie returned to Eatonville to work in her store. When she returned, people assumed that Tea Cake had run off with her money, but Janie did not care because finally she had experienced true love. The purpose of this book is to tell the story of a woman’s search for true love. In her pursuit of love, she experienced relationships based on confinement and possession, persons who only saw her as a slave and a trophy wife. All Janie ever wanted was someone to love and appreciate her as an individual and as an equal. Eventually, this was achieved when she met Tea Cake. The writer uses many techniques to engage and capture her audience’s interest on this journey of true love, independence and fulfilment. Throughout the novel, the writer uses an ironic tone. After Janie’s first relationship as a slave she found herself in another controlling relationship with Joe Starks unintentionally. Although Tea Cake allowed Janie her freedom at first once competition presented itself he took on a possessive and controlling role also, â€Å"Tea Cake had a brainstorm. Before the week was over he had whipped Janie. Not because her behaviour justified his jealousy, but it relieved that awful fear inside him. Being able to whip her reassured him in possession. † It was also ironic that at Joe’s funeral she was not sad or hopeless as the wife would normally be, but instead she felt strong and free, â€Å"Before she slept that night she burnt up every one of her head rags and went about the house next morning with her hair in one thick braid swinging well below her waist†. Hurston also used dialect to make the story and characters more real to the reader. Words such as ‘wuz’, ‘dat’, ‘mah’, ‘dey’ and wid showed the culture and spirit of the characters and made the story believable. Once I was comfortable reading the dialect, it was easy relating to the characters as their emotions were evident based on their unique expressions. Hurston’s use of figurative language was remarkable where she brilliantly used a metaphor to describe Janie’s life. â€Å"Janie saw her life like a great tree in leaf with the things suffered. Things enjoyed, things done and undone. Dawn and doom was in the branches. These words describe the ups and downs in Janie’s life, the things she did and those she wished she could have done. Dawn represents the new things she experienced and the brighter days that she had to look toward and doom were the trials and sad times in life that she faced. This created a summary of everything Janie faced in life for the reader and was effective in relating to the character and her feelings. Hurston used imagery to characterize and distinguish between men and women in. She compares the dreams of men to ships. She says â€Å"Ships at a distance have every man’s wish on board. For some they come in with the tide. For others they sail forever on the horizon, never out of sight, never landing until the watcher turns his eyes away in resignation, his dreams mocked to death by Time. † She then goes on to say â€Å"Now, women forget all those things they don’t want to remember, and remember everything they don’t want to forget. The dream is the truth. Then they act and do things accordingly. She believes men and women dream differently. Men set their sights on things they will most likely never accomplish. If they fail, they pack their bags and forget about it, they don’t keep striving to achieve it. Women on the other hand have their sights set on dreams that are realistic and they don’t just wait for their ship to dock, they â€Å"act and do things accordingly†. This idea is represented with all three relationships Janie has in the novel. First she marries Logan, with the hope that her dreams of love and prosperity can be fulfilled. Unfortunately this did not work. Then Janine marries Joe Starks, but feels no real love for him. Then Janne meets Tea Cake. He fulfills her dream of love, and is the only person that makes that dream come true for her. The most prevalent theme presented in the novel is love and friendship. Tea Cake loves Janie and wants her to be happy. He’s the only one who gives Janie the freedom to be who she is, not who someone wanted her to be. All of Janie’s life she was hidden behind a mask that only was taken off with Tea Cake’s love. â€Å"He drifted into sleep and Janie looked down on him and felt a self-crushing love. So her soul crawled out from its hiding place. † After Tea Cake’s death, Janie did not feel alone. Tea Cake had given so much love to Janie that would last her whole life. â€Å"He could never be dead until she herself had finished feeling and thinking. The kiss of his memory made pictures of love and light against the wall. Tea Cake’s death freed Janie for her searching was finally complete. The writer also uses the flashback method, she begins the story with the end of Janie’s journey, when she is back at home and then tells her friend Phoebe her life’s story leading up to her returning home. This was an effective technique because it showed the process and struggle some endure during the pursuit of happiness. Overall the writer was effective in achieving her purpose. Hurston gives her readers the tools to understanding Janie’s motivation with meaningful patterns of metaphors and symbols that deliberately guide readers through Janie’s experiences. The novel invoked many feelings, such as sympathy and concern for the way she was treated, and sadness and struggle this intelligent beautiful woman had to endure. In short, Janie struggles, Janie submits, Janie silences herself, but Janie grows. By the end of the story, I, as a reader, am her best friend Pheoby, sitting on that porch with her and listening her to tale. I understand her insecurities, I feel her pain, and I am able to share in her joy as she was able to experience true happiness and find fulfilment. This novel is so relevant to society because it sends a strong message to women who are still victims of battered relationships, women who feel weak and are struggling to make a failing situation work. This novel serves as empowerment, showing us that we should not be afraid to pursue other relationships if the current one doesn’t bring the happiness that is desired. It teaches that life is a journey filled with ups and downs, but it is up to us to determine our happiness as Janie did. Also it cautions us to be careful with whom we choose to love.

The Internet as the Heart of Modern Civilization

The Internet as the Heart of Modern Civilization Introduction Modern technologies have led to the development of the internet. The internet is currently important because it has resulted in enormous changes in the way human beings exchange ideas, communicate, shop, and even work. The internet has made the world a very small village thereby promoting economic development and information broadcasting.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Internet as the Heart of Modern Civilization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The use of the internet is changing the world at a fascinating rate. Modern civilization is taking shape through the internet and telecommunications. With this in mind, this essay explains the idea that the internet is currently the heart of modern telecommunication. Telecommunications are the nervous system and circulatory system of this whole process. The Internet as the Heart of Modern Civilization It is without doubts that the internet is bringi ng enormous changes in our world. Because of this, many people have agreed that the internet has continued to have enormous impacts on the lives of many people today. The first instance of civilization is the way people communicate. Communication is one of the primary uses of modern technologies including the internet. The world has witnessed the increasing benefits of the internet through the quality and frequency of human interaction and interpersonal relations. People are now communicating easily and comfortable because of the internet (Gorp, 2007, p. 27). Proper communication leads to societal integrations thereby resulting satisfaction and happiness. In business, activities such as transportation and communication are relevant towards the success of the organization. Modern civilization has promoted the way business partners exchange ideas and information. The civilization process is also promoting transportation and logistics among businesses partners. With the internet, it is easier to communicate instantly thereby determine the products to be transported and the time they should be delivered. The internet is therefore playing an enormous role towards new civilization (Targowski, 2008, p. 8). When organizations, people, and businesses are communicating effectively and instantly, it becomes possible to promote the best ideas and strategies. This will definitely promote civilization as it is happening in the world today. Information is necessary if we are to achieve new ideas and promote civilization. The internet is currently providing doctors, scientists, architects and engineers with immediate information in their specific fields. The information is necessary because it is helping them advance their ideas and understanding about the subject (Targowski, 2008, p. 14).Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This development is increa sing the potential to address most of the problems faced in the different fields of study. The result is that society has become very civilized and developed. These are the positive results of internet use. Students in different colleges and institutions are finding the internet effective in exchanging information and technologies. This has improved the speed at which our world is becoming civilized. Civilization has a unique relationship with globalization. The world is becoming small because people are finding it easier to communicate and exchange their views across the globe. Some of the unique characteristics of globalization include fast exchange of information, improvement of trade, and promotion of policies with global relevance. Different countries are now shifting to global business because of the services provided by modern technologies. The internet is making it possible to send notifications and e-mails (Gorp, 2007, p. 42). The ability to communicate is a backbone toward s civilization. The internet has connected all the nations in the world. This has increased the level of communication and integration. As a result, the information exchanged through the internet provides businesses, learning institutions, and organizations with resourceful ideas and information used to promote modern civilization. Globalization is also defining new ways of doing business and addressing global problems. Currently we have different societies getting global support through the available means of communication. The internet is making it easier to communicate, implement policies and offer educational support to different individuals (King, 2009, p. 48). This has empowered the societies thereby addressing most of the problems addressing them. The internet is making most of the information in the developed nations available to the underdeveloped societies. With this information, these nations are relying on the available ideas to promote their activities in agriculture, m anagement of the economy, and implementation of policies capable of promoting sustainability. Because of this, the rate at which our world continues to get civilized is very interesting. Most of the modern technologies such as computer innovations and movie productions rely on the internet for development. The invention of the internet is currently presenting new strategies whereby companies are marketing their products and delivering them to their clients (Spielvogel, 2008, p. 48). This has improved international and local businesses thus developing different economies in the world. Although different technologies are not related to the internet, it is agreeable that the technology has made it possible for such civilizations to be realized. This is because different scientists and engineers are relying different methods of communication to exchange their skills and promote the best practices that will promote economic prosperity.Advertising We will write a custom research p aper sample on The Internet as the Heart of Modern Civilization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The social media emerging from internet use has made it possible for individuals to interact and exchange their ideas to promote civilization. With this in mind, different people have relied on the advantages of the internet to communicate, develop, and promote the best incentives capable of presenting global civilization (Mumford, 2010, p. 63). The internet has become the heart of the new civilization emerging in the world today. With the internet, different successes have occurred in various sectors of the economy such as market, communication, transportation, and production industries. With these developments in place, the world easily fighting most of the hardships and challenges faced in different societies such as inequality and poverty. In our world today, modern civilization does not depend on the integrity of architectural designs and la ndscapes. This is based on the way people communicate and exchange their concepts and ideas. With the internet, it is now possible to communicate and explore the best concepts that will lead to better human integration. New civilizations are continuing to make human life comfortable and enjoyable than ever before (Mozaffari, 2012, p. 15). Currently, the number of people relying on the internet is growing at an amazing rate. With this trend, the world will get more civilized and improve the way we address most of the problems and challenges faced in life. Through social media, communication is becoming meaningful and instant. As a result, the balance of power in the global village is shifting due to the effects on communication. Through the internet, different societies have exchanged their views thereby bringing down most of the regimes that seem to oppress them (Mumford, 2010, p. 19). A good example is the revolution that took place in Libya. The revolution ended to a regime that h ad oppressed the country. The effects of social media on modern communication is currently shifting balance of power in our global village. As more people continue to rely on the internet, it becomes easier to address the problems faced in the society and lead to new developments and civilization. The internet and telecommunications have developed together. With the internet being the heart of civilization today, telecommunications are the nervous system and circulatory system of this wave of modernity. The modern means of communication such as computers and phones are effective in enabling communication today. These telecommunication devices also support internet-based applications thereby making communication possible.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many people are today relying on different telecommunications to exchange ideas and knowledge thereby making it possible to become civilized (Mozaffari, 2012, p. 12). These technologies have improved different methods of communication through which different societies have achieved greater developments in the economy. The internet and telecommunication form a synergistic structure capable of improving human advancement and civilization. Conclusion The internet is presently the heart of human civilization. Many people are relying on the internet to promote economic activities, exchange ideas, and communicate amongst themselves. The internet educates and informs many people about the changes in the society. Through the internet, the human race has become highly civilized thereby addressing most of the challenges facing them. The internet is used hand-in-hand with telecommunications. This is the reason different forms of communication are the nervous system of this new civilization. If the world is to be civilized and be able to address the economic and social problems faced today, there is need to embrace the benefits of the internet because this will ensure the economic progress of the world. It is also necessary to promote different forms of telecommunications because they will promote human civilization. List of References Gorp, L 2007. Integrate the Internet Across the Content Areas, Prentice Hall, New Jersey. King, M 2009. Western civilization: a social and cultural history, The Free Press, New York. Mozaffari, M 2012. Globalization and civilizations, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Mumford, L 2010. Technics and Civilization, McGraw Hill, New York. Spielvogel, J 2008. Western Civilization: To 1500, Oxford University Press, New York. Targowski, A 2008. Information technology and societal development, Longman, New York.

Angelo Buono, the Hillside Strangler

Angelo Buono, the Hillside Strangler Angelo Anthony Buono, Jr. was one of the two Hillside Stranglers responsible for the 1977 kidnap, rape, torture and murder of nine girls and young women in the hills of Los Angeles, California. His cousin, Kenneth Bianchi, was his crime partner who later testified against Buono in an effort to avoid the death penalty. The Early Years Angelo Buono, Jr. was born in Rochester, New York, on October 5, 1934. After his parents divorced in 1939, Angelo moved to Glendale, California with his mother and sister. At a very early age, Buono began showing a deep disdain for women. He verbally assaulted his mother, a behavior that later intensified towards all women he encountered. Buono was brought up as Catholic, but he showed no interest in attending church. He was also a poor student and would often skip school, knowing that his mother, who had a full-time job, could do little to control his activities. By the age of 14, Buono had been in a reformatory and was bragging about raping and sodomizing young local girls. The Italian Stallion Beginning in his late teens, Buono married and fathered several children. His wives, who were at first attracted to his macho self-proclaimed Italian Stallion style, would quickly discover that he had a deep loathing for women. He had a strong sexual drive and would physically and sexually abuse  the women in his life. Inflicting pain seemed to add to his sexual pleasure and there were times that he was so abusive, many of the women feared for their lives. Buono had a small, semi-successful car upholstery shop attached to the front of his home. This offered him seclusion, which was what he needed to act out his sexual perversions with many of the young girls in the neighborhood. It was also where his cousin, Kenneth Bianchi, came to live in 1976. A Career Jump Into Pimping Buono and Bianchi embarked on a new career as small-time pimps. Bianchi, who was more attractive than his wiry, large-nosed cousin, would lure young runaway girls to the home, then force them into prostitution, keeping them captive with threats of physical punishment. This worked until their two best girls escaped. Needing to build up their pimp business, Buono purchased a list of prostitutes from a local prostitute. When he figured out he had been scammed, Buono and Bianchi set out for revenge, but could only find the prostitutes friend, Yolanda Washington. The pair raped, tortured and murdered Washington on October 16, 1977. According to authorities, this was Buono and Bianchis first known murder. The Hillside Strangler and Bellingrath Link Over the next two months, Bianchi and Buono raped, tortured and killed another nine women ranging in ages from 12 to 28. The press named the unknown killer as the Hillside Strangler, but police were quick to suspect that more than one person was involved. After two years of hanging around his piggish cousin, Bianchi decided to return to Washington and reunite with his old girlfriend. But murder was on his mind and in January 1979, he raped and murdered Karen Mandic and Diane Wilder in Bellingrath, Washington. Almost immediately the police linked the murders to Bianchi and they brought him in for questioning.  The similarities of his crimes to those of the Hillside Strangler was enough for the detectives to join forces with the Los Angeles detectives and together they question Bianchi. Enough evidence was found in Bianchis home to charge him with the Bellingrath murders. Prosecutors decided to offer Bianchi a life sentence, instead of seeking the death penalty, if he gave full details of his crimes and the name of his partner. Bianchi agreed and Angelo Buono was arrested and charged with nine murders. The End for Buono In 1982, after two lengthy trials, Angelo Buono was found guilty of nine of ten Hillside murders and received a life sentence. Four years into serving his sentence, he married Christine Kizuka, a supervisor at the California State Department of Employee Development and a mother of three. In September 2002, Buono died of a suspected heart attack while in Calipatria State Prison. He was 67 years old. Interesting Note: In 2007, Buonos grandson, Christopher Buono, shot his grandmother, Mary Castillo, then killed himself. Castillo was married to Angelo Buono at one time and the two had five children. One of the five children was Chris father.

Schmidt Surname Meaning and Family History

Schmidt Surname Meaning and Family History The surname Schmidt is an occupational surname for blacksmith or metalworker, from the German word schmied or the Danish smed. Schmidt is the German equivalent of the English surname SMITH. SCHMITZ is another German variant of this surname. SCHMIDT is the 2nd most common German surname  and the 31st most common Danish surname. Surname Origin:  German, Danish Alternate Surname Spellings:   SCHMID, SCHMITT, SCHMITZ Famous People with the Surname SCHMIDT: Kendall Schmidt - American actor and singerOtto Schmidt - Soviet geophysicist and polar explorerHelmut Schmidt - Chancellor of West Germany from 1974–1982 Where is the SCHMIDT Surname Most Common? Despite its German origins, the SCHMIDT surname today is most prevalent in the United States, according  to surname distribution from  Forebears. It is more common  based on population percentage, however, in countries such as Austria (where it ranks 22nd in the nation), Denmark (31st), Greenland (41st), Switzerland (43rd) and  Liechtenstein (48th). According to  WorldNames PublicProfiler, Schmidt is found most frequently in Germany. The surname is common throughout the country, but used by the greatest number of individuals in Thà ¼ringen and Sachsen-Anhalt. Schmidt is also extremely common in  Sà ¸nderjylland (Southern Jutland), Denmark. Genealogy Resources for the Surname SCHMIDT: Common German Surnames Their MeaningsUncover the meaning of your German last name with this free guide to German surnames meanings and origins. Schmidt  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Schmidt  family crest or coat of arms for the Schmidt surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. Smith DNA ProjectOver 2400 individuals with the Smith surname- including variations such as Schmidt, Smythe, Smidt and Smitz- have joined this DNA project to use DNA in combination with genealogy research to sort out over 220 distinct groups of Smith descendants. Schmidt Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Schmidt surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Schmidt query. FamilySearch - SCHMIDT GenealogyExplore over 3.6  million results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Schmidt surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. SCHMIDT Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Schmidt surname. DistantCousin.com - SCHMIDT  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Schmidt. GeneaNet - Schmidt  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Schmidt  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Schmidt  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Schmidt  surname from the website of Genealogy Today.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Technical Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Technical Writing - Essay Example Please consider my proposal. Observations and recommendations: Firstly, the design and output of the dog cages in regard to easy public access can be improved upon to increase successful adoptions. I have included a simple sketch to show you how best to optimize the shelter’s outdoor facility for dogs. By increasing the cage-size, it not only allows for multiple-dog living, but also improved social behavior in the animals. This in turn will shed the best light possible on the dogs when future-prospects enter the property. It also makes it easier to locate the shed in the rear of the area so a) it is out of the way from the public b) easier for employees to go to and from and c) lessens the chance of dogs escaping as it is within the fencing. Furthermore, to increase profits, this new design should be photographed and implemented on the No Kill website. The website should be updated weekly to avoid past-dates and appearing non-working to the possible donators. I also wish to no te that, although the descriptions of the dogs are â€Å"adorable and cheeky,† they lack complete honesty. Not every dog is going to be â€Å"friendly, family-loving companions.† The more honest you are the better. It not only sets you up for successful adoptions, but it builds more interest as the customers’ can trust you. ... Thank you. Sincerely, YOUR NAME "Proposals/[YOUR NAME]." The RFP described more than adequately meets the guidelines for implementing a mass understanding in how to create a proper proposal that will be accepted and considered by the team. Most businesses do not share this information to its employees. They expect them to already know how to do it. The author of the flextime proposal answered all of the questions employed by the RFP including funds, and incorporated everyone in the company, not just himself/herself. Although, Sally’s proposal suggests her selfishness in desiring a new space, it seems a bit excessive of the Board to believe that’s the only way she’s thinking before asking her. Perhaps, she misplaced her RFP or needed more help in understanding it, which is why her proposal fell short. Sally Twintree should have gone to another employee for aid if she did not understand how to properly put together a proposal or kindly asked the Directors for anoth er copy of the RFP to follow before she went ahead and gave it to

Unemployment and Labor Force Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Unemployment and Labor Force - Essay Example According to the economist Edmond Malinvaud, the type of unemployment that prevails at a particular time depends on the situation at the goods market. If the goods market is a buyers’ market in which sales are restricted by demand then Keynesian type of unemployment prevails, while if a production capacity is limited classical unemployment prevails. Common types of unemployment are as follows:1.  Frictional Unemployment: This type of unemployment occurs when a person switches from one job to another. While the person looks for another job he experiences frictional unemployment. This unemployment also applies to fresh graduates who look for jobs. It is a productive part of the economy as it increases worker’s economic efficiency and his long term welfare. This type of unemployment usually occurs due to incorrect information in the labor market due to which workers do not know what type of job they are getting hired for and hence they look for getting a new job. 2.  C lassical Unemployment: This type of unemployment occurs when real wages for available jobs are set above the market clearing level. This usually happens due to government intervention when government sets a minimum wage for a job. Even taboos especially taboos can sometimes cause wages to be set above the market clearing level (America’s Great Depression p45).3.  Structural Unemployment: This type of unemployment occurs due to mismatch between employment offered by employers and those seeking jobs.... Common types of unemployment are as follows: 1. Frictional Unemployment: This type of unemployment occurs when a person switches from one job to another. While the person looks for another job he experiences frictional unemployment. This unemployment also applies to fresh graduates who look for jobs. It is a productive part of the economy as it increases worker's economic efficiency and his long term welfare. This type of unemployment usually occurs due to incorrect information in the labor market due to which workers do not know what type of job they are getting hired for and hence they look for getting a new job. 2. Classical Unemployment: This type of unemployment occurs when real wages for available jobs are set above the market clearing level. This usually happens due to government intervention when government sets a minimum wage for a job. Even taboos especially taboos can sometimes cause wages to be set above the market clearing level (America's Great Depression p45). 3. Structural Unemployment: This type of unemployment occurs due to mismatch between employment offered by employers and those seeking jobs. It may occur due to geographical location or skill of workers or because of many other reasons. If structural unemployment occurs, frictional unemployment becomes significant as well. 4. Keynesian Unemployment: This type of unemployment occurs when there is insufficient demand in the economy. It occurs when there is a business cycle recession in the economy and wages of jobs do not fall to meet the equilibrium rate. An economy with high unemployment rate is an economy which is not using its entire available labor source which reduces its efficiency. If all the frictionally unemployed in this economy accept the first available job to them, then they

Reflect on your reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reflect on your reading - Essay Example Redding 1). Wilson knew that the Drugs were not harmful as initially thought and should have suspended the search and looked for other prudent ways of asking the girl why she carried the prescriptions to school. I agree with the judges finding that there was no need to be suspicious of Savanas acts based on the drug issues. However, I agree that carrying out a search was essential only to the extent to which evidence could be derived. The suspicion was necessary because it could have been possible that Savana carried other hard drugs to school and using the prescriptions only as collateral. The fourth amendments findings on the search issues were correctly observed (Safford Unified School District v. Redding 4). Case in point is that a search requires a higher threshold and reasonable causes. In order to conduct a search, there has to be reasonable facts leading to a particular action. I agree with the findings that Savanas rights based on the fourth amendment were grossly violated even though the school officials did not live within the confines of the amendment at the time of their

Analyze and interpret the piece answering the appropriate questions Essay

Analyze and interpret the piece answering the appropriate questions from the Questions to Ask of Art - Essay Example This paper basically analyzes the first movement, which follows the â€Å"Adagio sostenuto (slow and sustained)† tempo, which is played in â€Å"pianissimo (very soft)† with the loudest tune being â€Å"mezzoforte† (Miller 2). The song follows a â€Å"dotted rhythm melody† and comprises the technique of â€Å"lamentation,† which is accompanied by a â€Å"triplet rhythm ostinato† (Miller 2). The song makes use of a sole instrument, the pedalier piano, with no additional instruments or voices performing the piece. While analyzing the song, composed in sonata form, a listener notices a second theme at 1:10, the development which starts around 1:51 and the recapitulation  at 3:04. Interestingly, there is a transition between different keys, however the basic melody and rhythm remain the same, thus giving the â€Å"impression of grave meditation† (Miller 2). The Moonlight Sonata was published and performed in the year â€Å"1802,† and dedicated to Beethoven’s beloved, his seventeen year old pupil â€Å"Countess Giulietta Guicciardi,† (Miller 2). Listening to this piece of music truly makes me understand why it has grown so popular since its composition more than 200 years ago. The unusual form of the composition makes it standout from other sonatas and I agree with Rellstab, as he says that the song reminds him of a â€Å"boat visiting, by moonlight, the primitive landscapes of Lake Lucerne† (Silverman 15). Although I have not visited that particular lake, I can still relate to that image and the song somehow inspires in me a feeling of self reflection, where I want to revisit the painful events of my past and simply let go of them. This composition is truly a work of art that portrays the internal struggles Beethoven faced with his hearing loss. Across the Universe is a hit song from the album ‘No One’s Gonna Change Our World,’ released by The Beatles on 1969. There are different versions to the song, however, the psychedelic folk appeal coupled

Special Educational Journal Research Paper Essay

Special Educational Journal Research Paper - Essay Example Issues in judgment and evaluation Efficacy of no detention policyFocus on exceptional approaches should be applied for teaching and learning Society should take active participation in the improvement of schools and its practicesChange in the teaching-learning method and the provision of multi-level teaching-learning in different subjects in primary schools should incorporated Approaches to teaching and learning should be different and easy to learn pedagogy should be culturally specific Creativeness should be nourished and development should be cognitiveEmerging needs of the society and education SECONDARY EDUCATION Identification and nurturance of competent ideas in different subject areas in varied classes at different level Ultimate methods of learning to learn new things Integration of skills needed to life should be incorporated into curriculum, textbooks, instructional materials and teaching-learning and evaluation process Identification of suitable grade/class for introduction of second language on the basis of analysis of linguistic situation in the state and or state needs Identification of class/grade/stage at which Hindi/English should be introduced on a compulsory basis as second language and the period for which these should be taught Formulation of State specific plans concerning identification of class/grade in upper primary stage from which third language should be introduced Making curriculum indigenous/culture specific/contextual Developing remedial instruction in different subject areas Development of concepts related to sustainable development and integration in curriculum, textbooks and instructional materials with other subjects and lifePolicy studies in science education... Clark, C. M. (Ed.). (2001). Talking shop: Authentic conversation and teacher learning. New York: Teachers College. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from http://convention.allacademic.com/aera2004/view_paper_info.htmlpub_id=939&part_id1=23267 Cole, A. L., & Knowles, J. G. (2000). Researching teaching: Exploring teacher development through reflex inquiry. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Hopkins, D., & Stern, D. (1996). International perspectives and policy implications. Teaching and Teacher Education. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Nuthall, G. A. (2001). The cultural myths and the realities of teaching and learning. In L. Livingstone (Ed.), New Zealand Annual Review of Education, Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Robinson, V. (1998). Methodology and the research-practice gap. Educational Researcher, Retrieved 15 October 2006, from

Functions of Management Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Functions of Management Paper - Essay Example All of these functions play their roles in making an organization achieve all goals efficiently. Let us discuss each of these functions in some detail in order to know the role that they play in the success of an organization. Planning Planning holds great importance in the process of management. It means recognizing organizational or personal goals and developing proper strategies to meet those goals. In context of organizations, planning not only includes setting goals for the future but also includes development of strategies and tactics to meet those goals. Managers cannot achieve desired goals and objectives without planning. For proper planning, managers need to consider many factors, such as, assessment of organizational environment, availability of resources, future trends of the market, assessment of customers’ demands, and proper use of capital. In the organization where I work, there are many kinds of planning which managers do for the success of the organization. S ome of those types of planning include marketing planning, sales planning, and project planning. Marketing planning means to develop suitable strategies for the marketing of the company’s products and services. In marketing planning, managers consider 4Ps of the marketing mix to develop a proper marketing plan. In sales planning, managers assess all aspects of the target market and the sales promotion strategies to develop a proper sales plan for the products. In case of project planning, managers take a close look at different aspects of the project to do effective planning. For project planning, managers consider due date of the project, available resources, and effective use of human resource and technology to meet the targets. Tatum (2011) states, â€Å"Like any type of business planning, project planning is about gaining the most benefit while making the wisest use of available resources†. Proper planning provides many benefits to the organizations, such as, avoid ance of confusions, completion of tasks within deadlines, reduction of risks, and correct use of resources. Organizing Organizing is the second function of management, which means to organize different activities. Once managers are done with planning to do something, the need for organizing arises. Managers need to bring together all resources in such a way that they work in collaboration with each other to achieve desired goals. The function of organizing includes many core activities, such as, identifying the resources, arranging required resources, classifying the resources, communicating goals to employees, assigning tasks to employees based on their skills, and delegating the authorities. A manager needs to be skilled in the function of organizing. It is important because no work can be done up to the level of perfection without proper organization of activities. In my organization, managers of all departments organize their sets of activities in a logical manner in order to co ntribute to the success of the organization. The activities of arranging required resources and providing those resources to the employees for the completion of tasks also come under the function of organizing. Managers organize the workplace properly in order to ensure workplace productivity and organizational success. â€Å"Without an organized workplace, employees will see a manager as unprepared† (Rothbauer-Wanish, 2009). Therefore, a manager needs to be organized personally and professionally in order to put a good impact on the

Special Educational Journal Research Paper Essay

Special Educational Journal Research Paper - Essay Example Issues in judgment and evaluation Efficacy of no detention policyFocus on exceptional approaches should be applied for teaching and learning Society should take active participation in the improvement of schools and its practicesChange in the teaching-learning method and the provision of multi-level teaching-learning in different subjects in primary schools should incorporated Approaches to teaching and learning should be different and easy to learn pedagogy should be culturally specific Creativeness should be nourished and development should be cognitiveEmerging needs of the society and education SECONDARY EDUCATION Identification and nurturance of competent ideas in different subject areas in varied classes at different level Ultimate methods of learning to learn new things Integration of skills needed to life should be incorporated into curriculum, textbooks, instructional materials and teaching-learning and evaluation process Identification of suitable grade/class for introduction of second language on the basis of analysis of linguistic situation in the state and or state needs Identification of class/grade/stage at which Hindi/English should be introduced on a compulsory basis as second language and the period for which these should be taught Formulation of State specific plans concerning identification of class/grade in upper primary stage from which third language should be introduced Making curriculum indigenous/culture specific/contextual Developing remedial instruction in different subject areas Development of concepts related to sustainable development and integration in curriculum, textbooks and instructional materials with other subjects and lifePolicy studies in science education... Clark, C. M. (Ed.). (2001). Talking shop: Authentic conversation and teacher learning. New York: Teachers College. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from http://convention.allacademic.com/aera2004/view_paper_info.htmlpub_id=939&part_id1=23267 Cole, A. L., & Knowles, J. G. (2000). Researching teaching: Exploring teacher development through reflex inquiry. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Hopkins, D., & Stern, D. (1996). International perspectives and policy implications. Teaching and Teacher Education. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Nuthall, G. A. (2001). The cultural myths and the realities of teaching and learning. In L. Livingstone (Ed.), New Zealand Annual Review of Education, Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Robinson, V. (1998). Methodology and the research-practice gap. Educational Researcher, Retrieved 15 October 2006, from

Concussions Case Study Essay Example for Free

Concussions Case Study Essay With all the excitement sports in our country and even around the world bring, some horrific injuries occur due to the competiveness of each participant. The human body can only take so much, and seems like a big target when competition is involved between two or more teams. An injury that has evolved the most out of all the injuries that can occur to someone is the concussion. According to the National Athletic Trainers Association and the National Collegiate Athletic Association, concussions in athletes is becoming the most common injury found compared to some other sports related injury. In the past, if you got hit in the head really hard you went out till your headache went away then you went back in the game. Nobody back then realized how much damage that hard hit to the head really did to you, or how long you should stay out for and recover. Due to advances in technology we now realize our philosophy â€Å"rub some dirt on it† or â€Å"shake it off† especially when it comes to head injuries is something you should never do. Due to improvements in technology and our scientist we are starting to realize and go deeper into how severe a concussion is or traumatic brain injury (TBI). By definition, a concussion occurs when there is a rapid acceleration or deceleration of the head. The brain moves or rotates inside the skull and different parts of it move against each other. Symptoms include headaches, confusion, amnesia and sensitivity to light or noise and can last days, weeks or months. According to the article â€Å"The Science of Hard Knocks† when this mild to severe blow to the head occurs what happens is the brain jiggles inside of the skull reorganizing blood flow. This causes no physical symptoms you can see so doctors can only depend on the information the athlete tells them. This is a huge problem because athletes being as competitive as they are, they may get cleared to play again and still have a concussion. According to the article â€Å"The Science of Hard Knocks†, A ton of concussions are being missed. And a ton of people are being allowed to go back not having fully recovered, says Robert Cantu, a concussion expert and chairman of the department of surgery at Emerson Hospital. Due to this some rules in and restrictions have been put in place by the NCAA on concussions that every head coach and athletic trainer must follow, but the main rule is if an athlete even shows the slightest sign of having a concussion they must sit out the for the entire event and must sit out at least a week before returning. Not only has this rule decreased the number of concussions but it has given the opportunity for athletes to recover fully from a concussion. There is really only one way to treat a concussion, the article â€Å"The Science of hard knocks† states that the only accepted treatment right now for a concussion is to rest the brain. This means no contact sports, no exercise, and no strenuous thinking, all in which are very difficult for your typical college athlete not to do. A big thing that many scientist and neurologist are studying now is the differences concussions have on men vs. women. The number of women participating in sports grew from 1.9 million to 3.2 million between 1990 and 2010. With an increase of participation in sports comes an increase in injuries, including concussion, and a need to understand its effects. Evidence is mounting that women, who are more likely than men to suffer a sports-related concussion, also have more severe symptoms in the days immediately fol lowing the injury. Though men go through a series of big hits, especially in the National Hockey League who is under intense pressure to come up with rule changes to reduce the number of concussions, also known as mild traumatic brain injuries, which have been linked to dementia later in life, studies show that men are less prone to get a concussion because of how long men have been playing sports and hitting our head. According to Dave Elemberrg within the past 100 years, our bodies and brains have adapted to the big hits. But, because women are so new to sports, women are three times more likely than men to suffer a sports-related concussion, says Tracey Covassin, a Canadian researcher at Michigan State University. The reason why women seem to get more concussion than men is not because they are less athletic Covassin says, but because she suspects that female athletes are getting more concussions because they are stronger, faster and more aggressive than in the past. â€Å"Women are also more likel y to be honest about their symptoms, she says, since unlike their male counterparts, they  dont risk losing lucrative professional contracts if they are injured.† Concussions have been overlooked by many people for a very long time. Because of this, some athletes have paid the price and now have to live with the consequences of not letting a traumatic brain injury heal properly. Due to our improvements in technology, rules and regulations set by the NCAA on this issue, and hard work done by scientist and neurologist we now have a better grasp on how serious a concussion or, a traumatic brain injury can be. It is safe to say that there is need for a more widespread understanding of the potentially dangerous impart of concussions in sports

Satirical Elements In A Modest Proposal English Literature Essay

Satirical Elements In A Modest Proposal English Literature Essay In A Modest Proposal, satire is one of the main elements Jonathan Swift uses to explain how Protestants abused Irish Catholics in the 1700s. A satire is a literary work that blasts or nudges fun at corruption or any additional error or imperfection. Satire may make the reader express amusement at, or experience hatred for, the individual or object satirized. The major function of a satire to prompt readers to cure the problem under debate. The major weapon of a satirist is verbal irony, a figure of speech in which language is used to disrespect an individual or object by conveying an implication that is the contrary of what the words say. In A Modest Proposal, Jonathan Swift uses elements of satire to assess Protestant cruelty of Irish Catholics. Satire in literature, also known as Juvenalian satire, is used by those whose aim is mockery. It is more simply known than defined. From very old times satirists have shared a familiar goal: to render foolishness in all its disguises and to result in reform through such contact. It was a custom in English Literature through the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries that writers and poets would frequently use the practice of satire either for political purposes or purely to emphasize the   peculiarities of the society. In this regard many chief English literary writers used satire in their work, but while a number of them used it to fashion an amusing situation, others would give it an extremely unsympathetic tone, which resulted in some grave problems with those who were targeted in their work. There are three main types of satire; Juvenalian, Horatian, and Menippean. Horatian satire is named after the Roman satirist Horatian. It seeks to disapprove of rather than assault vice or folly. Some methods of satire include irony, wittiness, or embellishment. In general, Horatian satire is gentler, better humored and sympathetic, somewhat open-minded of human folly. It tends to mock human foolishness in general or by type rather than assail particular persons. Therefore it tends to create a cynical smile. Juvenalian is named after the Roman satirist Juvenal. It is more bitter than Horatian satire. It often flames and shows disapproval for people, and seeks to tackle some malevolence in society through disdain and ridicule. While amusement and mockery are still weapons of Horatian satire, the Juvenalian satirist isnt frightened to use diatribe to construct a point. A Modest Proposal is an example of a Juvenalian satire. Menippean satire, on the other hand, is the oldest form of satire. It was named after Menippus. It is a multifaceted, disorganized, and often shapeless form of satire. It tends to condemn the subject matter. It is a satire that criticizes everything in a disjointed manner. Discussion is vital to this kind of satire. It views human foolishness and iniquity as a communal illness. A Modest Proposal is everything that a satirical text should be. It includes cynicism and mockery as Jonathan Swift takes and shows us how the deprived are treated wretchedly. The seemingly inoffensive beginning leads the audience to presume that Swift will establish suggestions that lessen the suffering of unfortunate children in 18th century Ireland, a moment in time of overcrowding and land strain (suite101.) He seems genuine and thinks it is a misfortune how everywhere they stroll in the streets of Dublin they see unfortunate citizens pleading others for hand outs. Swift tells the audience how the children of poor families are trouble and how instead of requiring fare and garments the rest of their lives, they will supply to the feeding and clothing of numerous amounts of people. Any intelligent person would think he intends to place them in factories or farms to labor and not be on the streets beseeching for food. He then tells however that a young fit child at a year old is a m ost delicious, nourishing and wholesome food (Swift.) Swift then continues on as if he said something wholly rational and sound. According to his suggestion, twenty thousand children may be set aside for proliferation which is more than they consent to for sheep, cattle, and swine. This is when the spoof starts to open up and that is at what time he drops the bomb on the audience. The compensation of his proposal is apparent. All his proposals are humorous, some even repulsive. The poorer tenants will have something prized of their own, which they may sell, to help pay the landlords fee. Not only will they vend their children to the landlords but if they do not pay out their lease, the landlords can seize their babies. The kids are being used as an article of trade and not even considered a human being. This suggestion is ironical in itself because Swifts proposal to sell and eat excess children is not modest at all nor is it a rational solution to Irelands problems. Swift states ki ds nowadays either grow up to be thieves or to fight for the Pretender (Swift), and blames the population as a full. A dark, bitter piece of  literature, Juvenalian satire uses shadowy humor among other satirical techniques to present unkind criticisms of bribery or ineptitude. Jonathan Swift, who is well-known for his satirical writing, uses all aspects of Juvenalian satire in his  essay  A Modest Proposal to assault the means Ireland in general was run during his time. The central figure of speech in A Modest Proposal is verbal irony, in which an author or narrator says the contrary of what he means. Swifts masterly utilization of this device makes his key argument-that the Irish are worthy of healthier treatment from the English-commanding and awfully entertaining. The satirical intent of  A Modest  Proposal  was misunderstood by lots of Swifts associates, and he was unsympathetically criticized for writing an essay with such extremely bad taste. He came close to losing his support because of this essay. The misinterpretation of the intention of the satirical attack came about for the most part because of the difference between the satirical objective of the cannibalistic proposal and the sincere tone of the narrative voice. In A Modest Proposal, Jonathan Swift uses elements of satire to assess Protestant cruelty of Irish Catholics. The major weapon of a satirist is verbal irony, a figure of speech in which language is used to disrespect an individual or object by conveying an implication that is the contrary of what the words say. A satire is a literary work that blasts or nudges fun at corruption or any additional error or imperfection. The major function of a satire to prompt readers to cure the problem under debate. Satire may make the reader express amusement at, or experience hatred for, the individual or object satirized.

The Ape-Like Mr. Hyde in Robert Louis Stevenson Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

The Ape-Like Mr. Hyde in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde   Ã‚   Throughout The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dr. Henry Jekyll underwent periods of transformation, transcendence and transgression. During these periods where Dr. Jekyll was Mr. Hyde, Hyde had an impact on several of the characters' lives inhabiting Stevenson's tale. In imagining Hyde, readers are struck by a great sense of who Hyde is with surprisingly little in the way of physical description. We are reminded of the dwarf-like stature and the impression of deformity Hyde leaves upon his onlookers. We are given few other clues, but one trait of Hyde's is almost a certainty-- Hyde possesses simian characteristics.    After Utterson hears Enfeild's story of Mr. Hyde running over a child like a "Juggernaut," Utterson decides to stalk Mr. Hyde (Stevenson 3). After running into Mr. Hyde, Utterson is struck that "the man seems hardly human!/Something troglodytic" (Stevenson 10). According to the American Heritage Dictionary, troglodytic can be interpreted as "a member of a fabulous or prehistoric race of people ...

Essay --

Garrett Pyatt Mark Whitters HIST 179 12/12/2013 Position Paper: In Regards to Caesar's Body The topic of my position paper is: What should be done with Gaius Julius Caesar's body? This issue is of great importance and has an assortment of ideas and options of what should be done with Caesar associated with it. For example, my character Marcus Antonius, believed that the body of Caesar should be honored and a temple should be built to his glory. Marcus, along with most of the Caesarians, believed that the service for Julius should be held in public so that all of those who held him dear could witness it. However, there are others who oppose the idea of honoring Caesar in death as they had loathed him in life. The majority of people who disliked Caesar wanted one of two things: His ceremony be held in private where only his family and colleagues can attend along with no temple to honor him, or alternatively, they would have the body cast out into the waters of the Tiber river. Both those who had love for Caesar, and those who had hatred all have reasons to react in the way t hat they did. On one side of the argument you have those who supported Caesar and most all that he did for Rome as its ruler. These people acknowledge Caesar's military victories such as those in Gaul and Britannia where he ousted the barbaric enemies of Rome. They believe that he was a brilliant leader during both times of war, and times of peace. Caesar is also admired by them for his clemency toward his enemies after the conflict with Pompey and the mercy that he generously bestowed upon them. Additionally these people most certainly include the loyal Soldiers of Caesar that followed him without question. All of these Romans believed that Caesar made Rome t... ...ble at this point in time and its senators should think about this when deciding what form of actions that they should take. In the end, I simply think that a proper burial for Caesar after his assassination would be the proper course of action for the senators of Rome to take. This would prevent any potential unrest that could occur from dishonoring Caesar and would also show that Rome will not be brought down in times such as these. Also, the people who dislike Caesar and are against his proper ceremony are already angered by the actions that he has taken in the past. Therefore they wont gain any new hatred for Caesar is already dead. As Caesar once said, â€Å"No one is so brave that he is not disturbed by something unexpected.† For in times such as these when unanticipated events occur, the best option is to move on and grow from the tragedy in a positive way.

English Oral Text

Where have you been? We have not seen each other for two years. ‘ miss you a lot. A:Ooh! C didn't tell you? ‘ have to move that weekend because my father has transferred to other place and he needs to start his work immediately. ‘ try to look for you on the last day but there was nobody in your house.B:At that time,' was on vacation with my family at Singapore. C Just informed to me after I came back from loudly. Let felt so bad because I couldn't meet you to say goby. A:But,when I think back about it,' think maybe it is better to go without saying goodbye. At least,we don't need to say goodbye and feel sad. B:Yeah! That's true. Hey,do you live here? A:Yes. Lam living here,This is my hometown. By the way,do you have a phone number? B:Yeah! Of course. Do you want it? A:Yup. So we will be keep in touch after this. B. Okay. Give me your phone because I need your phone number too. A:Sure. Here is it.B:Okay. L got it. Let's done. A:So,what are you doing here? B:Ooh,l was on a school trip for three days and two nights. Today is our last day here. A:Wow,that's fun. Well,what are you going to do now? B:' want to buy some souvenirs for my family and friends. How about you? What are school. ‘ want to thank her for her sacrifice. Anyway,let me help you with it. ‘ know the best souvenir's shop here. B:Well,that is a good idea. A:' also want you to try ‘Alaska',the famous local dish here. Let's absolutely very appetizing if you take it with a bowl of BBC. B:Wow,that sound interesting. Shall we go now?A:Yeah,this way. The shop is over there. Let's go! EXAM FAA : Haw, Sahara our exam is Just around the corner? Have you prepared? Sahara : Yes, I am. I have my own time table and I follow it carefully so then I have many time for study. Btw have you prepared? Flash : 50/50 I think. I want to achieve my target that is sea's but I don't assured. Sahara : Fyi, I Just tell my parent about my time table, if I forgot they will remember me. I know ou r class teacher give us many haw but I did it one by one as long I don't delay it. Flash : Wow :O don't you feel uncontrollable with that time table?Sahara : Sometime I feel like that too but I catch up again. All we need is our attempt and support from our family. Flash : Thanks Sahara I will tried start from today. One more thing friend, how you study at home? Just read reference book or Just do exercise book. I Just read reference book, if I do exercise book I Just do a few then I felt lazy and put it away. Sahara : No Flash you can't do like that, if you want to achieve your target you should attempt. Like me I do that two way to be more better. Flash : Oh I see! You great Sahara. I should fast, you are in the front.Btw I GTAG, thank for the info really appreciate and I hope I'll be like you. Sahara : Haw its okay, I really enjoy talk with you BTW later we can had a study group together bye, make sure arrange your time table carefully 🙂 A friend that change school A : H ey guys! Long time no see. I missed you guys a lot! B : We're too babe! 😀 So bored when you not with us at school. C : Absolutely freaking boring you know? Well, here you are the one that always cheer us up. So how your life in hostels? A : Whoa! Whoa! I miss you guys a lot too 😀 First week I feel like â€Å"Mama, take me back home! So lonely there. I'm too awkward to speak with others and them too. But now everything was fine. B : Hawaii pity you! 😛 That's why I said don't you ever moving to other school. Our school are good what, everything was perfect. C : Agree B! Don't you feel like want school here back? A : Of course I want school here back! But what should I do? Everything is my mama decision. I still loves our school and you know what? I cried when remember our memory together. B : Whoa same goes with me! Haw 😀 I cried when realizes that you no longer with us. C : What? You too B?You always imitate me 😛 A, when we walk, we always tal k to you pretend that you're here. A : You're guys make me proud to have a bestrides like you 😀 Don't worry every weekend, I'll be home. Just came to my house. B : Nah it's not same okay. C : So A, who's your friends there? A : Relax B, long time later you'll be okay without me. My friends there? Me, her mama is D. She's a talkative girl that always make me laugh. B & C : Him okay VACATION A very good morning to our English teacher Pin Numismatists, and fellow friends. Today my group and I would like to act out a dialogue with the title VACATION.Now before I start allow me to introduce my group that is Barium, Gaskin and myself Mira. Mira: (1st day of school after the summer holidays) Hi ABA Hi siskin how was your holiday guys? ABA : It was great. My family went to Pula Language which is known as the Jewel of Asked. We visited many tourist attractions. Some of my favorite spots are the Bird Park, The crocodile farm and The Underwater world. We also got the chance to visit Ma sseur's grave. While we were there I saw a painting of Mashers. Do you guys know the reason why Mashers is special?Gaskin: No I don't, why is Mashers so special? Mira: I heard that Mashers was a pregnant woman who was sentence to death for eating the kings precious fruits right. ABA: Well it is true about that but that's only half of it. Like you said she is a pregnant woman that was sentence to death and legend had said the day of her prosecution she had prayed to god never to let Pula Language to be modernized before her seventh generation was born. Since then Language was never modernized until it is said that Masseur's seventh generation was born, but enough about me how was your summer holiday Siskin?Gaskin: Oh how interesting. My holiday however was not as interesting as yours did but to me it was the most memorable. We went to visit my grandmother at my mother's hometown in a small village situated at Amelia. My grandmother has a garden there and the time was right because th e fruits have fully ripened. She grew many fruits there like Durian, Mangos and Managements. It feels like an island paradise there especially after we finished harvesting the fruits and that's how my vacation went. So how was yours Mira? Mira: Your vacation sounds tons of fun ABA and you to Sick.Well for my vacation my parent's brought us to Cameron highlands where we stayed at Strawberry Park Resort. When we arrived at Cameron it was raining and the temperature there is way cooler than here and you could hardly imagine how it was at night we went there for 3 days 2 nights. On the day that we arrived in Cameron we went to check in the hotel and rest because we were tired after staying in the car for 4 hours. The second day of the trip to Cameron we went to see many places some of my favorites are the Tea farm, Strawberry farm and the Lavender park.It was so nice there at the tea farm we could smell the scent of tea all around us. While at the strawberry farm we could hand pick the strawberries ourselves and we got to taste many types of food made out of strawberry. There was strawberry ice cream, strawberry dipped in chocolate and there were even strawberry muffins with strawberry toppings and large chunks of real strawberries in it. Well while at the lavender farm we got to smell lavender, buy lavender perfume and lavender Hampton other than that we also got to buy lavender flowers. Well that's my vacation and Oh before I forget guys come to my class during recess.I have something to give to you guys. (The bell rings time to go to class)OK then that's the bell I better get going don't want to be late for class. Bye guys see you during recess. ABA & Asking: (together) K bye see you during recess. B: Good morning, Sherry! A : You look so beautiful today! You buy a new down coat? B: Haw! Yes, yes. I went shopping last Sunday! You know there were so many beautiful clothes discounting! A: Really? Oh, what a pity! I'm so busy these days and eave no time going out! B: In fact , I nearly can't stand so cold day in Hairpin.You know I am a new comer, and the weather here hard to suit for me! I almost fear to go outside and stay in the dormitory all day long . But now, I have this down coat and also a hat and a scarf. So I can go out to play. A: I am sorry to hear that . Four years ago when I came here the first year, I'm also feel so cold to go out. Gradually I used to it. Take it easy, today I listened to the radio and it said in the next few days it will be worming up. B:Oh,Let is so grateful ! A: Oh, Annie, do you find these days the price of goods , for example vegetables, pork ND so on, has so sharp drop.?What's your opinion about this fact? B: I think the financial crisis in the United States has affected China Under the condition of economic globalization, no country has a narrow escape in this crisis. A: I think so.. L heard that a quantity of goods in China exported to America. Just because the crisis happened in the USA, a lot of enter prises in the coastal areas of China go bankrupt and then many people lose their Jobs. I am afraid that we will have some difficulty to find a suitable Job in the next year. B: What a terrible thing it is! In today's newspaper,I learned that at the end of this year , about one hundred million college students cannot find a Job. And the next year , there will be six hundred college students graduated. So you can imagine the way to find a ideal Job for us will be a hardships. A: He! Maybe the topic we have today is too sad. B: Ye. Don't too worry about it now . The only thing we can do is to work harder and try to learn more things appropriate to social application. And the government will also take actively steps to stimulate more Job opportunities. A: K! Let's correctly face opportunities and challenges in the future. B:Yes. OK! Let's coordinate our efforts!